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JOURNAL 


OF THE VOYAGE OF THE 


“MISSIONARY PACKET,” 

BOSTON TO HONOLULU, 


1826. 


By JAMES HUNNEWELL. 

w 


WITH MAPS AND PLATES , AND A MEMOIR. 


CHARLESTOWN: 

1880. 








■'Srx 


James F. Hunnewell’s 

I 

pribatcJjj iPrintetJ Ellotfe, 

No. VIII. 


ioo Copies Quarto. 


No. 


Copyright , I SSo, 

By James F. Hunnewell. 







PREFACE. 


WlIILE we read accounts of early voyages to America, 
from the time of Cabot to that of Winthrop, we may wish 
that we could have more knowledge of the daily experiences 
of those who made them, of the manner in which the small, 
often comfortless, vessels were managed, and in which storms 
and trials were encountered. The means for realizing these 
particulars are not abundant, and the writer has thought that 
some suggestions of what earlier voyagers met may be given 
by the daily Journal printed in this volume and describing 
difficulties, hardships, and perils not inferior to those experi¬ 
enced in older times, and overcome in a vessel not larger or 
more adapted to the voyage than were those then used. 

A Memoir that the writer has prepared of the author of 
the Journal may properly accompany it, and show the place 
occupied in his life by the events recorded. His letters and 
papers, his several other daily Journals, and the unusual inti¬ 
macy of our lives, supply materials, not only reliable, but 
more ample than the limits of this Memoir will contain. The 
documents, although intended to be private, are used here 
in the only manner he would have permitted, not in en¬ 
comium, but in the simplest fairness. The writer may to 
some extent repeat, while he will enlarge, the biographical 
sketch contained in the commemorative discourse delivered 
by his late excellent friend, Rev. James B. Miles, that was, 
as its author said, “ the offering of sincere esteem and warm 
affection.” 






ILLUSTRATIONS 


IN HELIOTYPE. 


The Originals from which these are taken are all rare, — some are unique. Numbers 4 and 5 
are from some of the earliest engravings made at the Hawaiian Islands, or under American 
auspices, on the shores of the Pacific. 


i. The “Missionary Packet”. To face title 

From a lithographic engraving, made under the care of James Hunnewell, based 
on a pencil drawing (1826), now not sufficiently distinct to be photographed. The hull 


was dull green. 

2. Portrait of James Hunnewell. To face page vii 

From a daguerreotype made a few years before his death. 

3. Fac-Simile of Manuscript .ix 

From the Original by James Hunnewell, 1807, at the age of 13, described page ix. 

The letters and lines in the borders, the “ Happiness,” and the Latin, are red. 

4. Kamehameha I.xvii 

From a very rare copperplate engraving, in the collection of Wm. T. Brigham, Esq. 

5. View of Honolulu .xxiii 


From a very rare engraving, drawn by E. Bailey, 1837, and engraved on copper by 
Kalama, Lahainaluna, owned by J. H. The original, 11 l /z by 19^ inches, is the 
largest of several early Island plates, that the writer has seen. 

6. Map of the Falkland Islands, and Straits of Magellan 47 

From an Original described on page 48. 

7. Magellan’s Discovery of the Straits.48 

From plate xv., Fourth Book of the Great Voyages, published by D. von Bry, at 
Frankfort am Mayn, 1594. 

8. Map of the Western Part of the Straits of Magellan 6i 

From an Original described on page 48. 































































M E M O I R. 


James Hunnewell was born in a part of Charlestown, Massa¬ 
chusetts, now Somerville, on the ioth of February, 1794. 

His active and varied career, and the character that grew with 
him, so illustrate many solid qualities in the private life that the 
majority of men'must lead, and times and circumstances in which 
he acted so invest both with interest, and even with some degree of 
romance, that an account of his life seems worthy of preservation. 

The story of it naturally begins with that of his ancestry and 
family, so far as these affected it, for he had strong originality, and 
started and acted under this impulse. As early as the middle of the 
seventeenth century some of the name had come from the fields 
of Old England to try the fields of the New. The first native of 
the region in which he was born, who bore it, appears to have been 
the daughter of a substantial citizen of Boston, who was a member 
of the church of the Mathers. She was born in Boston, in 1657, 
married Richard Hunnewell, died in 1723, and was buried on 
Copp’s Hill, where her gravestone, in good preservation, stands on 
the summit, turned towards Charlestown. In 1698, Charles, their 
son, came to that town, and soon afterward settled where his 
posterity remained nearly a hundred years. Evidence still shows 
that his position was respectable, and his condition among the most 
comfortable of his fellow townsmen. He and his descendants lived 
quiet lives, engaged in farming, and, through much of the time, 
attended Cambridge church, the venerable pastor of which, Dr. 
Appleton, has left many mentions of Charles and of his son 
Charles, as among “his good friends and neighbors,” who made 
yearly donations to the minister. William, son of the second 
Charles, had a daughter, who died young, and a son William, then 
an only child, father of James, the subject of this Memoir. 



Vlll 


The homestead, demolished many years ago, was an old-fash¬ 
ioned New England style of house, with two stories, a huge chimney 
in the middle, painted beams crossing the low plastered ceilings, 
a general aspect of quaintness and snugness, and, in earlier times, a 
a pleasant outlook over the fields towards the College and meeting¬ 
house in Cambridge, less than a mile distant. Behind the house was 
a gently sloping hill that commanded a wider view. The place and 
the neighborhood are now much altered. 

Sarah Frothingham, the wife of William, was descended from 
William Frothingham, who is said to have arrived in Charlestown, 
in the fleet of Winthrop, in 1630, and who, with his wife Ann, 
signed the covenant of the First Church, when organized in 
November, 1632. Their posterity formed a numerous family, that, 
during more than two centuries, supplied the town, as well as other 
places, with not a few estimable citizens. Both these families — 
Frothingham and Hunnewell — had a strong local attachment, often 
shown by English people. 

William Hunnewell’s life left no long record. He was a lieuten¬ 
ant in active service with the government forces during “ Shays’s 
Rebellion,” 1786. His only other sight at military operations is said 
to have been when, at the age of sixteen, he saw the Royal troops 
returning from Lexington. He inherited or held a comfortable 
estate, and, had he followed the ways of his fathers, might have 
left his excellent wife (who long survived him) in enjoyment of it, 
and afterwards it grew much in value. But he unwisely did not 
act by her advice, and, too late in life, engaged in trade. The 
result left his children with the world before them, and their own 
abilities for capital. 

James Hunnewell attended Charlestown School, from which, as 
he sometimes said, with a quiet humor that he showed in many 
things, “he graduated at fourteen.” His means of education at 
this time were simply those then public in the town, but, by his own 
efforts, while he grew in years he grew in knowledge, and during 
mature life was far from being unlearned. At school he acquired a 
handwriting that always afterwards was clear and strong, and good 
proficiency in arithmetic. Soon afterwards he learned mathematics 
and navigation. A folio volume of manuscript still shows his skill 
in the latter. Some of his exercises in penmanship are too large 
for transfer to these pages, but a full-sized fac-simile of one shows 











IX 


his work, and the work of a Charlestown school boy at the age of 
thirteen, in clays now grown remote. His compositions or selec¬ 
tions in these exercises, as well as his account given to the writer, 
and preserved, show that prominent features of his character and 
of his purposes and principles in life were already developed. At 
the age of thirteen he wrote (April 24, 1807): “Merchandise 
promotes humanity; as it has opened and yet keeps up an inter¬ 
course between nations remote from one another in situation, cus¬ 
toms, and religion ; promoting arts, industry, peace, and plenty; by 
mutual benefits diffusing mutual love from pole to pole; and 
teaching the advantages of honest traffic. Our trade extends as 
far as winds can blow.” A large conception of the merchant’s 
character had entered his mind. 

On the 27th of March he wrote that “Contentment is the 
most precious jewel of human life, and the way to attain it is” by 
“surmounting difficulties, by curbing vicious inclinations,” by 
“bearing injuries with patience, and overcoming temptations.” 

A contented spirit, thus attained, was an evident feature of his 
character through the many varied experiences of his life — even 
his painful passage from it. 

“In early life,” he said in his account just mentioned, “although 
none of my relatives, on either my father’s or mother’s side, had 
ever been to sea, I had a strong desire for a seafaring life, and, 
more than any other way, enjoyed being on board boats and vessels. 
No man or boy that I ever knew dared, or did, swim greater distances 
than myself — once from Charlestown to Boston and back without 
stopping, and at the wide part of the river, below the bridge 
[and when the river was broader than it now is]. Before I was ten 
years old I owned, and practised with, a fowling-piece. I suppose 
that I made myself useful, as old men often invited me to go with 
them on sailing, fishing, or gunning excursions.” He also had a 
boat, and there is a legend that he thought his mother’s best 
table-cloth was, when he lacked other material, a proper thing to 
borrow without leave for its mainsail. “ But,” he said, “she did 
not accuse me ” of this act. 

“My mother, father, and other friends,” he continued, “told me 
all the frightful stories they could think of to try to deter me from 
going to sea. The effect of these frightful stories on me was this, 
that instead of deterring me they increased my desire to go, and to 


X 


encounter its dangers and hardships. I could not decide to go 
without my good and beloved mother’s consent. When I had 
arrived at the age of about twelve years, she, seeing my strong 
desire, told me she would give her consent when I was fourteen 
years old. My brothers were all away from home, and I had much 
to do for my parents. I went to school with a good will, and so 
little did I say about going to sea, that my mother appeared to 
think I had given up my project.” But, promptly on his fourteenth 
birthday, he came, with his books, home from school, reminded 
her of his age, and added, “ You know what you told me.” “ She 
acquiesced,” he wrote, “ remembered her promise, and I never 
went another day to our town school.” 

He was not an unsteady, reckless boy, but one with character 
and purposes already formed and strongly marked. 

In 1809, when fifteen years old, — small, slight, weighing only 
ninety pounds,— he went to sea in the brig “ Fairy,” Captain Samuel 
Nichols. Fifty years afterwards he visited the captain, then aged 
about ninety, who, when asked, “Do you remember James Hunne- 
well ? ” replied, “ Oh yes, and he was a good boy ! ” The voyage 
was of considerable length. Intelligence of his father’s death, 
November 22, 1809, did not reach him for nearly a year. He 
visited the Mediterranean and other seas, and encountered the 
ordinary experiences of those who sail upon them, and the perils 
and excitements peculiar to the time. On a passage from Palermo 
to Gibraltar the brig was chased by an Algerine pirate strongly 
manned and armed. The side of the brig towards the enemy soon 
presented a formidable broadside, with guns run out her ports and 
many a hat visible above her high bulwarks. But fighting by the 
peaceable merchantman would have been folly, most of the guns 
displayed were wooden, and most of the hats covered only capstan 
bars. The pirate tacked to examine the brig’s other side, and the 
same look of an armed vessel appeared. The battery had been 
shifted. And all the while the brig was prudently pressing sail. 
Algerine slavery was then no mere traveller’s discomfort. By the 
speed of the “ Fairy ” or the caution of her pursuer, this danger was 
escaped. In the Atlantic she was almost overhauled by a French 
frigate, but again eluded capture and another peril, for the brig 
was bound to an English port, with which France had not the 
pleasantest relations. At another time the young voyager witnessed 




xi 

the impressment of Americans by British officers, who, in reply to 
declarations of nativity and of nationality, replied “ We will make 
good British subjects of you.” He was too small to be a sufficient 
temptation to seizure. 

After he reached home these various risks increased. The war 
with Great Britain practically closed the ocean to American com¬ 
merce, and a period dreary indeed to New England and to many of 
its people ensued. Efforts were made to change his purposes, and 
to retain him permanently at home. But he — and it seemed a 
higher power — had decided otherwise. With small help or sym¬ 
pathy he could only watch and wait. It was on the ioth of Febru¬ 
ary, 1815, his twenty-first birthday, while riding with his mother in 
a sleigh to Cambridge, that he heard the joyful news of peace. 

He and the ocean were now free. With all practicable despatch 
he was on board the “ Alert,” bound to China, and, of course, upon 
a long voyage to remote and curious scenes, then very far less 
known in America than they now are, and attracting the attention 
of the race of bold and sagacious merchants grown or growing in 
the country. A new period had begun in the history of American 
commerce, one that might well be called its romantic age. Peace 
had released both merchants and merchandise, and sailors and ships 
to spread it, and with it the American flag, around the world, 
through exciting adventures, and among people and scenes that were 
distant and strange. It was a period to arouse the spirit of one 
who felt the instincts of each of the two classes, and who knew 
that commerce is, or can and should be, the ally and companion of 
civilization. Something there was in him, also, of the spirit that, 
generations before, had led his ancestors from long-accustomed, 
quiet, local life, through trials of preparation and of parting, to try 
new, distant, and little-known lands. And so, at length, he fairly 
began his voyage of life, with little help or patronage, and yet with 
three good friends,— courage, enterprise, integrity. With these he 
started, and these went with him to the end, and brought him their 
reward. 

In October, 1816, he again left Boston, this time with Captain 
Blanchard, in the “ Bordeaux Packet,” a hermaphrodite brig of 
about 160 tons. This was his first voyage to the Pacific, and had 
great influence on his future life. The brig was bound to Cali¬ 
fornia, touching at the Sandwich Islands for supplies. Early in 


Xll 


1817 she accordingly visited Hawaii, Maui, and Oahu, and thence 
proceeded to the Coast and up the Gulf of California to Loretto. 
Thence she coasted along Southern California, and, after sundry 
escapes from capture (for the Spanish government vessels appear 
to have kept paternal watch over those shores), she returned to 
Honolulu, on Oahu. He thus saw much of California when it was 
in its primitive Spanish-American condition, the blessings of which 
do not appear to have impressed him, although its strangeness to 
him, and its peculiarities, supplied him with various stories. He 
had the rare opportunity of seeing this important region as it was 
long held by the power that unwittingly kept it dormant and from 
the world, until a greater and nobler should possess it and control 
its mighty future through a development he lived to know and 
appreciate. 

On Hawaii he visited Kamehameha I., and began an acquaint¬ 
ance with the royal family, with several members of which, as 
well as with several chiefs, he long had a personal acquaintance. 
How he was remembered will appear near the close of this Memoir. 
His acquaintance with the native population, also, then much larger 
than it now is, and with its characteristics, began. His business 
experience with it, his observation and fair judgment, ultimately 
gave him an insight and knowledge that more early voyagers, as 
well as some later residents, did not obtain. He met with evidence 
that the Hawaiians were not, in their more primitive condition, the 
savages they have been by some represented. On this subject he 
wrote an article, entitled certainly to the consideration accorded to 
opinions of those who had seen less of the world, who gained, 
perhaps, less insight into the native character, and whose intelli¬ 
gence was hardly superior. He saw and knew the Hawaiians 
during their heathenism, their reformation, their trials with the 
vices, and their gainings with the virtues, of civilization, until 
finally they became an educated Christian people. He knew them 
while their earlier training and their trials made their change of 
character perhaps seem a retrograde movement. He knew their 
extreme and intermediate conditions, and, the writer thinks, did 
not feel that fairness allowed the dark to be made darker, even if 
the lighter be thus made to seem more bright. 

After various negotiations (he wrote) the brig was sold, and paid 
for in sandal wood, the collection of which, for “shipment at Hono- 


Xlll 


lulu, required several trips around Oahu. “A fellow-officer and 
myself remained to dispose of the balance of the California cargo, 
and to ship the proceeds — sandal-wood — to China, whither Cap¬ 
tain Blanchard had gone. All trade was in barter ; for there was no 
money in circulation among the natives. We were the only traders 
on shore at Honolulu who had any goods to sell. All our cash 
amounted to $104, and this was received from an English captain 
and his officers.” 

In September, 1818, he embarked in the ship “Ospray,” bound 
to China with the sandal-wood that had been collected. On the 
20th of December, 1818, after transacting business in China, he 
left for home in the ship “ Ida,” Captain Henry Dorr, and arrived 
there April 2, 1819. Thus, at the age of twenty-three and twenty- 
four he was already engaged, as agent, in mercantile business 
abroad. 

The chief event in his life that occurred between this and his 
next voyage was on the 23d of September (1819), when he married 
Susannah, daughter of Joseph Lamson of Charlestown. The mar¬ 
riage ceremony was performed by the Rev. Jedediah Morse, D. D., 
who also left a record of it. The union thus formed continued 
happily until changed by his death, only a few months before its 
fiftieth anniversary. Susannah, or, as she was generally called, 
Susan, Hunnewell, was born in Charlestown, September 2, 1792. 
Her father’s ancestors were among the early settlers in New Eng¬ 
land, and had lived in Charlestown from the first or second decade 
of the eighteenth century. Her mother and her grandmother, each 
a Susannah Frothingham, were, like her husband’s mother, directly 
descended from William and Ann Frothingham, already mentioned, 
who were numbered among the first settlers of the town. Her 
great-grandmother, Dorothy Mousall, was a great grand daughter 
of Ralph Mousall, a deacon of the church when founded, in 1630. 
This local, and an extensive family relationship, together with many 
friends in the place, gave her a strong attachment to it, increased 
by a perhaps inherited indisposition to leave it, that had an influ¬ 
ence through her life. 

The exact measure of a honey-moon was passed, and then, on 
the 23d of October, 1819, Mr. Hunnewell left Boston in the brig 
“Thaddeus,” Captain A. Blanchard, bound on “a trading voyage to 
the North West Coast,” touching at the Sandwich Islands. He 


XIV 




was an officer, and, as he wrote, the voyage was memorable to him as 
the first when he had an interest in vessel and cargo. While it thus 
had private importance to him, it had public importance that even 
now cannot be fully estimated, for this voyage of the “Thaddeus” 
made her, it seems, as if in simple truth, the American “ May¬ 
flower ” of the Pacific. She bore a company of nineteen passen¬ 
gers, the pioneer agents of a great and good constituency of 
Americans, organized to carry the teachings of Christianity and of 
civilization to a world then wild and little known,— a small world it 
may have been, but a centre with large possibilities far-reaching 
through the future. The friendships then formed between these 
missionaries of the American Board and James Hunnewell were 
long continued, and gave him great pleasure. His interest in their 
cause did not entirely die when he last breathed. The books, even, 
that they gave him while they sailed together, still stand in his 
desk. And fifty years later, one venerable survivor of that com¬ 
pany, of a friendship half a century old, who had known how each 
who felt it had met many trials, helped with heart-deep feeling to 
lay him in his final earthly rest. Besides these nineteen passengers, 
the “ Thaddeus ” carried twenty officers and crew. She was 85 ft. 

in. long, 24 ft. 7^ in. wide, 13 ft. 2 in. deep, and her registered 
tonnage was 241^ tons. The daily journal of Mr. Hunnewell, kept 
during this voyage, is preserved. It describes the passage as only 
an experienced traveller on the sea really does, and a few extracts 
from it are here given. 

Nov. 1st (8 days out). Middle part, fresh gales with a heavy 
cross sea, the brig laboring hard and making much water. 

Nov. 2d. At 5 a. M. strong gales and a heavy sea. At 6 a. m. 
shipped a sea which stove in the starboard waist-boards and upset 
the camboose. Lat. obsd. 38°55' N. Our passengers suffer much, 
but do not murmur. Prayers had in the cabin every evening at 
8 P. M. 

Nov. 6th. Light breeze S. E. by E., and pleasant. Our passen¬ 
gers all on deck,— most of them recovered from their sea-sickness. 

Nov. 7th (Sunday). Pleasant. All hands assembled on the 
quarter-deck at meridian to attend public worship. Services by 
Mr. Thurston,— singing, prayer, sermon, singing, blessing. 

Nov. 14th. Weather too rough for public worship this Sabbath. 
15th, strong gales. 



XV 


Nov. 21st. No public worship this Sabbath, owing to the indis¬ 
position of our pious friends, who suffer much from sea-sickness 
every time it comes on to blow. 22d. Our passage thus far has 
been rough, with a great share of head winds. Our vessel is staunch 
and tight, but too deep to sail well. 

Nov. 28th. Public worship at 10 a. m., in the cabin, and at merid¬ 
ian on deck for all hands. Services Dec. 5th and 12th. 

Dec. 14th. Crossed the line, 51 days out. (Same time in the 
Packet, 1826.) 

Dec. 30th. A generally quiet and uneventful passage during this 
month. “ A general time of health, not one complaining among 
ship’s company or passengers.” Lat. obsd. 3o°45' South. 

Jan. 7th, 1820. After four or five days of heavy weather that 
“ split the fore and main topsails,” a “ heavy sea over the quarter, 
which started the hen-coops and stove out one length of quarter- 
boards ” and injured the whale-boat, there was a brief period of 
moderate weather, then hard gales and heavy seas until the 13th. 

Jan. 22d. Distance 163 miles; lat. obsd. 49°2o'South, long, 
deduced, 6 i° 37' West; clear and pleasant weather. “I find the 
sea remarkably smooth since we have got to the westward. All on 
board are well, and in good spirits. The thermometer stands at 
6o°, varying at times from 58° to 63°.” 

Jan. 26th, Wednesday. “Begins with pleasant, hazy weather, and 
a fresh breeze from the northward. Steering to the southeastward 
along the coast of Terra del Fuego. The land appears barren and 
mountainous. Running for the Straits of Le Maire, a little to the 
N. W., are two remarkable hills with flat tops. Between them is a 
small hill running up to a peak like a sugar-loaf. Cape St. Vincent, 
or N. E. point, runs off low and flat. Bearing E. S. E. we saw, over 
the low point, the high land of Staten Land. At 8 p. m., in close- 
reef topsails, and hauled on a wind to the northward. Fresh gales 
from West. At 3 a. m. wore ship and stood for the Straits of Le 
Maire; at 9 a. m. entered the Straits. The land on both sides 
appears high, rough, and barren. Saw a small smoke on the west 
shore. Ends, light baffling winds and passing clouds. Thermome¬ 
ter 6o°. Lat. obsd. 54°4o' South.” 

This extract represents fairly the detailed character of the daily 
entries. 

Jan. 29th. “At 6 a. m. saw Cape Horn bearing W. by S. S. 
12 leagues’ distance.” 


XVI 




Feb. 2d. ioo days out, lat. 58°2s' South, long, in 75 0 West. 

Feb. 5th and 6th. Fresh gales and a heavy sea. Shipped great 
quantities of water on deck, owing to heavy head swell or large 
cross sea. During this month variable, but hardly bad, weather, 
and little of interest is recorded. 27th, Sunday, is the entry, “ At 
meridian all hands attended public worship on the quarter-deck ” 
[the only time noted in February]. “In running down the trades I 
can find no variety to fill my page with remarks.” 

March 2d. “All hands, with our passengers, enjoy good health 
and excellent spirits. The thermometer for several days past has 
stood at 78° and 79 0 , with very steady weather. 10th. Crossed the 
line. 12th. The thermometer in the coolest shade stood at 84°; 
when exposed to the sun it rose to 124 0 . Long. 117 0 W.” 

The journal abounds in minute details, for instance : — 

March 14th. “At sunrise hoisted the long-boat out of the chocks, 
and broke open the main hold ; hoisted our large guns on deck and 
sundry other articles. At 1 1 a. m. found the remains of poor Tom, 
our cat. He has been missing for about two weeks. Previous to 
his disappearing he had been subject to fits of delirium and other- 
ways indisposed.” Lat. by obs. 3°oj' N. 

March 20th. “All hands at sundry jobs — the armorer getting 
up his forge, carpenter making gun-carriages, others putting up 
quarter-nettings,” etc. Dist. by log, 185 miles. Lat. obsd. 8°32', 
N., long. 130° W. 

The chief interest and the crisis of the voyage were when the 
end was reached. The condition and disposition of the inhabitants 
of the Islands were unknown, and, consequently, the armament and 
boarding-nettings were arranged. At 1.30 on Thursday, March 
30th, the weather was clear, and the north part of Hawaii was seen 
bearing west. “All the passengers assembled on deck to catch the 
first sight of the land of their destination. At 8 a. m. (sea time) 
the snow-capped mountain of Hawaii [Mauna Kea] was plainly in 
view.” * 


* One of the passengers, Mr. Bingham, has left an interesting description of 
the magnificent scene presented to them. “We had,” he wrote, “an impressive 
view of the stupendous pyramidal Mauna Kea,” with its “base of some thirty 
miles and height of nearly three miles. Its several terminal peaks rise so near 
each other as scarcely to be distinguished at a distance. These, resting on the 
shoulders of this vast Atlas of the Pacific, prove their great elevation by having 








XLAJHLE 31A3I33 HA 


DieA yia-j- ?tia. i&I© 











XVII 


Soon after meridian, on the 31st, the brig lay to off Towaihae 
Bay, on the west coast of Kohala, the northern district of Hawaii. 
An officer, Mr. Hunnewell, was dispatched in a boat with two 
natives to learn the condition of affairs on land. His journal states 
that, “at 2 p. M. I went to the shore for information. I was in¬ 
formed that the King, Tamehameha [1st], was dead, that Rehurehu 
[Liholiho* his son] was head chief, that Krimoku [Kalanimoku] 
was second in power, ‘that they had caused to be burned all their 
wooden gods,’ that all the chiefs and natives had become Inores, 
that one chief, [?] refusing to give up his wooden gods, had been 
put to death. I returned to the brig at 4 p. m., where the news 
was gratefully received by our missionary friends,” told them in 
the words he used, “ Kamehameha is dead, the gods and temples 
are burned — Owyhee’s idols are no more.” 

A great revolution had been accomplished, and the old regime , 
that he had seen and known, had been marvellously changed. 

“At 5 A. M.” [April 1st], he continued, “I left the brig in the 
whale-boat for Koai At 8 a. m. I landed, and heard the report 
confirmed of the great revolution, and found two of the late queens 
here. I visited the spot where the morai lately stood ; not a ves¬ 
tige of their wooden gods, save the ashes, was to be seen.” Mean¬ 
while the brig had drifted out of the bay and he started for her, 
“without being able to accomplish my errand,” he wrote, and found 
her “about 15 miles S. E. by S. from the village” [Towaihae]. 
“ Two or three canoes were off to the brig in the course of the 
day.” During the next, more canoes came, with chiefs, their wives 


their bases environed with ice, and their summits covered with snow, in this 
tropical region, and heighten the grandeur and beauty of the scene by exhibiting, 
in miniature, a northern winter, in contrast with the perpetual summer of the 
temperate and torrid zones below the snow and ice. The shores along this coast 
appeared very bold, rising almost perpendicularly several hundred feet, being 
furrowed with many ravines and streams. From these bluffs the country rises 
gradually for a few miles, presenting a grassy appearance, with a sprinkling of 
trees and shrubs. Then, midway from the sea to the summit of the mountain, 
appeared a dark forest, principally of the koa and ohia, forming a sort of belt 
some ten miles in breadth — the temperate zone of the mountain.” Hist, of the 
S. I., 1847. 

* When Mr. Hunnewell recorded these Hawaiian names the language had 
not become a written one, and his spelling is sometimes phonetic. The orthog¬ 
raphy afterwards confirmed will be used. 



XV 111 


and people, Kalanimoku confirming the former reports and agree¬ 
ing “ to go to-morrow with us to Kailua, the place of residence of 
Liholiho.” On the 2d, the first missionary, “ Mr. Bingham, went on 
shore to wait on Kalanimoku to come off. Through the day many 
canoes with men and women came off to trade, others to see the 
white women.” Mr. Bingham visited the abandoned temple near 
by, and described it as “built on a rough hill, a little way from the 
shore of the bay,” occupying “ an area about 240 feet in length, 
and 120 in breadth,” and appearing “ like a fort.” “ On the ends 
and inland side of the parallelogram, the walls, of loose black stone 
or fragments of lava, were 15 feet high, 10 feet thick at the bottom, 
and 5 at the top. On the side towards the sea the wall consisted 
of several terraces on the declivity of the hill, rising from some 20 
feet below the enclosed area to a little above it. The frowning 
structure is so large and prominent that it can be distinctly seen 
with the naked eye from the top of Mauna Kea, a distance of about 
32 miles.” The work thus described is one among other indications 
that the Hawaiians were not the degraded beings some have repre¬ 
sented them. At noon the captain returned to the brig, “accompa¬ 
nied by Kalanimoku, his two wives, and two of the late queens 
with their servants and several other chief women and natives. 
They brought some taro, potatoes, sugar-cane, and one hog. We 
then made sail, with light sea breezes the remainder of the day and 
night, and slow progress. At 4 p. m. all hands, with the natives, 
attended public w r orship ” (it was Sunday). At 8 p. m. on Monday 
the brig was off Kailua, and at 10 a. m. Tuesday came to anchor¬ 
age there. The Captain and some of the passengers then w r ent on 
shore and visited the King, “ a great number of natives, men and 
women,” meanwhile visiting the brig. During the next day she 
continued to lie there “ waiting the result of the grand council, 
which was sitting, consisting of the King and chiefs, respecting the 
mission.” “They are undecided, but appear favorably disposed 
towards them.” The chief, if not only, objection is said to have 
originated with an Englishman, who, formerly detained against his 
will at the Islands, had married a woman of rank, acted as gover¬ 
nor of Hawaii, and finally became attached to his new life. The 
native chiefs and other subjects were evidently peaceable and fairly 
disposed, although not unnaturally inclined to be politic. The 
population, after passing through war and religious change, was in 



XIX 


a quieted, receptive condition. A week elapsed, with a great deal 
of visiting and a little trading, and then it was decided that six of 
the missionary party should remain at Kailua, where the King 
then resided. 

At ii p. m., April 13th, the brig started for Oahu, and, after 
meeting a gale with a sharp sea, arrived off the port of Honolulu in 
about thirty-six hours. Three or four days were spent, the brig 
meanwhile rolling heavily in the surf, before permission was 
obtained for her to enter the harbor. On the 19th, Mr. Hunnewell 
wrote, “ the ladies belonging to the mission all landed to see the 
houses which have been provided for them. I went on shore to try 
to procure a house to store our goods in, but did not succeed in 
getting one to my mind.” On the 20th “ all the mission family took 
leave of the brig to take up their residence on shore in houses 
voluntarily offered to them by some of the white residents at this 
place.” On the 20th and 21st Mr. Hunnewell was fitting for him¬ 
self “a sleeping-house ” on shore. His record for Sunday, the 23d, 
is that it was “ pleasant, with moderate trades. A part of our crew 
on shore on liberty in the forenoon, a part in the afternoon, and a 
part in the evening. Public worship was performed on shore for 
the first time at Oahu, at the house occupied by Mr. Bingham,” his 
text “from Luke ii. 10. They had a full house of natives and 
whites, and an attentive audience. About 8 p. m. an incendiary 
native attempted to set fire to the house belonging to and occupied 
by Mr. Wm, Sumner, a resident.” 

During the week ensuing, Mr. Hunnewell was established on 
shore in a manner that influenced his future career, and that may 
be best told in his own written account. 

“ I was,” he wrote, “ to go on to the N. W. Coast in the brig, as 
first officer, but on landing our passengers and the materials for 
building a schooner, and some merchandise for trade, it was urged 
by some of the chiefs who knew me on my previous voyage that I 
should remain, instead of a stranger, to trade with them. I re¬ 
mained, under these circumstances, to do the trading, and Mr. Spear 
to superintend the building of the schooner ‘ Puhelaulau.’ I sold 
in barter all our goods. There was no money in circulation. The 
‘ Thaddeus ’ that sailed [May 2d] returned in the autumn of 1820, 
having successfully disposed of her*cargo.” As we were “without 
cargo, we negotiated with the Island government for the sale of 


XX 


both brig and schooner, to be paid for in sandal-wood. Arrange¬ 
ments having been completed (but no part of the pay received), and 
the vessels delivered up, Capt. B[lanchard] left me alone, in 1821, 
to collect the proceeds of the sale and ship it to China. The 
government agreed to pay for our brig and schooner before any 
other debts contracted after our sale. They did not comply with 
their part of the agreement, and by the autumn of 1822 they had 
paid but about 1700 piculs, and this arrived in China just in time to be 
landed and burned in the great fire in Canton, in November, 1822.” 
This business and other occupied him “ at Honolulu until late in the 
autumn of 1824, when I decided I would not remain longer ... as 
I had by that time commenced my sixth year from home,” and that 
again, “ I would go as an independent commission merchant.” 

Accordingly, on Tuesday, the 14th of December, 1824, “having 
engaged a passage with Capt. George Newell, and arranged my 
business [his journal states], I took leave of my friends on shore at 
Oahu, and at 2 p. m. embarked on board ship ‘ Mentor,’ for Can¬ 
ton.” Dec. 29th, his journal also states, “at 5 p. m. Wake’s Island 
bore N. N. W., distance 6 miles. The island is about three leagues 
long from E. to W. It has a white sandy beach,” and is “very low 
and level, covered with low trees or bushes. I consider it a very 
dangerous place for vessels running in this track, as it is so low 
that it cannot be seen more than 10 miles from a ship’s deck in 
clear weather.” The voyage was generally pleasant, and “ at 1 p. m. 
Jan. 20, 1825, the ship anchored on the S. W. side of the island of 
Lintin.” There, from Captain Edes of the brig “ Nile,” of Boston, 
he “got some pleasing news from home.” Two days later he “had 
a handsome offer to remain here.” If he had accepted this offer, 
it might have led, perhaps, under auspices partly English, to results 
pecuniarily very advantageous to him, but, he wrote, “ my reply was 
that there was not money enough in China to induce me to remain 
any longer from home.” After receiving “ sandal-wood, furs, 
specie, and black ebony from a Dutch ship belonging to Batavia,” 
the “ Mentor ” proceeded to Canton. On the 18th of February, 
1825, he took passage for Boston “in the good ship ‘Packet,’ of 
Salem,” Captain Augustine Heard, who became the head of the 
great house that bore his name, and has been long distinguished in 
American commerce abroad. On the 4th of July following he 
arrived home. 


XXI 


He had now reached the age of thirty-one, and determined that 
his next voyage “ should be to commence a new and independent 
commission business.” To this end, in the autumn of 1825, he 
wrote, “ I applied,” among others, “ to my old friends Messrs. Bry¬ 
ant and Sturgis [then perhaps the most important American firm 
en S a g e d * n trade with the Pacific]. They offered me a free passage 
out in their ship ‘ Sultan,’ and their power of attorney to act for 
them,” but, they added, “we are chock full; we cannot take a 
package for you.” I thanked them for the offer, but declined it, 
and told them I did not want to go out empty. I received [in 
1826] their agency, and acted for them, and I believe acceptably, 
during all my last residence at Honolulu. “ I knew that the 
American Board of Missions was building a vessel at Salem, .... as 
I had been consulted as to the best and cheapest way to get her out 
to the Sandwich Islands, where she was to be sent for the use of 
the Mission. I did not at first entertain a thought of going in her. 

... I did not know the size of the vessel, but presumed that she 
was to be larger than she proved to be ” [39^ tons]. “ Having failed 
in my endeavors to procure freight for the merchandise I wished 
to take out”—for it was then customary among ship-owners not to 
take it for other parties — “being of too independent a spirit” 
to go again as an agent only, and having “ had some little experience 
in schooner-sailing about the islands in my beautiful yacht ‘ Water 
Witch,’ of about forty tons (consigned to me), I decided, after 
maturely weighing the subject, to propose to the Board of Missions 
to take their vessel out free from any charge whatever on my part 
for sailing and navigating her, provided the Board would pay and 
feed the crew, and allow me to carry out in her the bulk of some 
forty or fifty barrels.” “And I made an arrangement,” he added, “ to 
have more bulk from New York, but that failed.” “The Board 
having failed in their plans for sending out the packet very promptly 
and gladly availed of my proposal. ... I purchased my goods, 
and by this time the vessel was launched. I went to Salem to see 
her, and how small she looked ! ” This was by no means the only 
disadvantage presented. Her outfitting was long delayed, “ bring¬ 
ing it into winter before I should get away,” and into winter in high 
southern latitudes. “ Much was said to me that was very trying and 
discouraging respecting the vessel, and at this stage of my business 
some of my friends expressed their regret that I did not let them 


XXII 


know my determination to go — that they would have fitted me out 
with a cargo and a good-sized vessel. I thanked them, but they 
were too late. However kind these proposals, they would have 
interfered with my independent plans of business.” 

The dangers and trials of the undertaking were indeed evident, 
but, as he said, he had given his word, and he must go. He did 
not then realize all. He knew then the meaning of the delay in 
her preparation far beyond the time agreed. He learned later 
what the writer regrets to record, for full comprehension of the 
voyage, that, small as the vessel was, she was so weak that she 
would “work,” that the deck trunk with which she was furnished 
was insecure, and that her caulking was so slighted that some seams 
had no oakum. He seldom or never, in later life, spoke of what 
caused him much suffering that might have been saved him and 
his crew, but well might he write, as he did, to his brother from the 
Falkland Islands, that “an unpardonable want of prudence, or 
want of feeling,” had been shown by the responsible party. 

His arrangements were completed, and the “ Missionary Pack¬ 
et ” was at last despatched. “I left my wife and friends,” 
he wrote, “ I could not take leave of them, and embarked at 
Boston on the 18th of January, 1826.” His journal of the 
voyage then performed and the extracts added, nearly all from 
his other writings, give its full history. The official letter of 
instructions, signed by Mr. Evarts, closes by “wishing” the navi¬ 
gator “the Divine protection during” his “voyage.” Seldom have 
those “ who go down to the sea in ships ” needed it more,— seldom 
has it been more signally bestowed. And in the records of Ameri¬ 
can efforts made towards the spread of Christianity in the Pacific, 
it would be difficult to find an account of greater privation borne 
with more resolute courage, or simple and true Christian character, 
than that of the carrying of the “ Missionary Packet ” to her pro¬ 
posed uses. And no printed words of others engaged in the pious 
labors associated with her show, so far as the writer finds, feeling 
more devout and tender than that expressed by his heart and pen. 
His nautical account, simple and business-like as he himself was, 
written throughout in clear and handsome hand, tells its own story, 
and that of his life until he again landed on Oahu, Saturday, 
October 21st, 1826, nine months from home. The conclusion of his 
account of the voyage concisely describes its course and its result. 
































































































. 





. 















XXI11 


“ I embarked,” he wrote, “ with a heavy heart and with many dis¬ 
couragements, but a kind and all-wise Providence guided and 
sustained me and mine, and in due time I reached my port of desti¬ 
nation,” and “planted my independent mercantile house there, 
which house has been continued under different heads independent 
of each other, with respectable success, down to the present day,” 
and still flourishes, thirteen years later, while the writer copies these 
words. 

During five years he was actively engaged in business at Hono¬ 
lulu, his success, he stated, “ far exceeding ” his “own most sanguine 
expectations.” In 1830 his affairs helped his desire to return to 
the home and the friends around it, dear to him, but hitherto so 
little seen by him. Charge of his affairs and of the house at the 
Islands passed to Mr. Henry A. Pierce, who had been with him, 
and who has since spent many years at Honolulu, recently the 
esteemed Minister of the United States to the Hawaiian Kingdom. 
With Mr. Pierce was also associated Captain Charles Brewer, who 
has been, during half a century, known widely and well, among 
those acquainted with “the Islands.” 

On the 20th of November he started as passenger in the brig 
“Owhyhee,” Captain John Dominis, bound to Boston. A number 
of friends sailed out of the harbor with them, and the voyage began 
pleasantly. It soon brought them into “an irregular and an 
uncomfortable sea,” and then into fresh trade-winds and good 
weather. His carefully-kept journal describes the usual routine of 
nautical life until December 14th, when the brig’ stood in for 
Tahiti. From the 15th to the 20th she lay “at anchor in Townie 
Harbor, refitting” and taking in vegetables, live-stock, and fruit — 
“ all of which,” were “ found in great abundance and at a cheap rate. 
I find,” he also wrote, “ this island quite as delightful as it has 
been represented by its early European visitors.” The voyage was 
continued without remarkable incidents. At 8 A. m., January 26, 
1831, “Staten Island, the eastern part,” bore W. by S., 9 leagues 
distant. During the afternoon of the 28th “the air was quite full 
of smoke from the land, with a strong smell of peat.” “At 6 p. m., 
the smoke blowing off,” they “saw the eastern part of the Falkland 
Islands, extending from N. W. to N. N. W., 8 to 10 leagues dis¬ 
tant.” After variable weather, including some that was remarkably 
clear and calm, the line w r as crossed on the 15th of March. Dur- 


XXIV 


ing the approach to the American coast, gales were encountered, 
but no serious trouble. On Friday, April 15, 1831, “at 3 p. m., 
made Cape Cod;” “at 10 p. m., made Boston lighthouse,”—and 
those who are attached to homes in that part of the world know 
how welcome an event this is after a long absence. “At midnight,” 
he continued, “ ran into Lighthouse Channel, where a pilot came 
off. The wind from S. W. becoming moderate, but the tide favor¬ 
ing a part of the way, ran up to Boston, and anchored off Long 
wharf at 5 a. m.” 

And thus ended his last voyage, and his last sea journal. He 
now proposed to remain permanently in his native country, and to 
establish a home. The old place where he was born had long since 
been owned by strangers. An effort that he had made to purchase 
it had failed through the extreme caution of a brother who con¬ 
ducted the business during his absence. Local attachments then 
led him to buy the estate on Green Street, where both he and his 
wife lived nearly forty years, where both, and the mothers of both 
spent their last years and died, where these lines are written, and 
where a fourth generation is living. 

The life of an active business man, not in public office, and yet 
interested in many public as well as private affairs, is busy and event¬ 
ful, but its details are less the subjects for a history in print than are 
its characteristics and its results, and of these we may make some 
estimate and record. One of the earliest interests that he took 
after his settlement at home, was in the welfare of the First Parish 
in Charlestown. He engaged actively, during 1833 and 1834, in 
the erection of a meeting-house, the walls of which now stand, to 
replace the then delapidated one, built in 1783. He continued for 
many years an efficient officer of the parish. He was also actively 
interested in plans for improving the water-front of the town, and 
for introducing a railroad. He built or remodelled not a few 
houses, and developed thus more enterprise than profit. Later, he 
was considerably interested, pecuniarily and mentally, in the open¬ 
ing of several railroads when those were newer ventures than now, 
and gained, as many have later, wisdom at a perceptible cost. All 
the while he continued his foreign business, and did his full part 
as an exporting merchant in finding markets for the varied produc¬ 
tions of his country. He also helped to own and despatch one of 
the earliest ships sent to California, when the excitement of 1S49 


XXV 


had hardly begun, and joined in the new and distant home trade, 
and all the while, also, he was quietly doing good in various ways. 
His numerous kind deeds in private need not be mentioned here. 
His sympathy and aid in more public affairs were expressed by his 
active efforts for the establishment of free institutions at places and 
times when these seemed imperilled, and for the help of those who 
defended his country in its great trial. His feelings at this latter 
time were strong, and, although his age was nearly three score and 
ten, his enthusiasm was that of a young man. The broad flag that 
he unfurled from his house was one of good omen — it was the 
survivor of two wrecks, from which every human being beneath it 
was saved. His friendly regard for the distant Islands that he had 
so long known was shown, among other ways, in his aid there to the 
comfort of sailors, and to the advancement of education. 

Daily life moved busily on, the ships came and went, until, in 
1866, a dozen once-familiar names ceased to be often spoken, and 
the good bearer of the last of them was sold and he retired from the 
active affairs that had so long occupied him, to others more quiet. 
The simple habits of life, the contented spirit, the temperate 
principles, the practical religion, that had long been his, were still 
of no less service. There was not much that he could wish to 
recall and change. He had tried to be just and true. He was 
very apt to succeed when he tried. He had tried less to preach 
than to practise — and very likely thus to teach better — his princi¬ 
ples. Strong in his feelings, he was temperate, but not intolerant. 
He did not judge harshly certain tastes in others, yet in all his 
somewhat extensive dealings in a great variety of merchandise, at 
times, too, when certain kinds were freely dealt in, he had singularly 
little to do with spirituous liquors. He did, through much of his 
life, cordially dislike cards and tobacco. Although he joined no 
church, he was in heart and conduct religious. He had his 
reasons, of which we are not the appointed judges. Well for us if 
we can show an account such as he cast. He had his fancies, and 
no small quiet humor, though his composition more suggested the 
oak than the flower-garden. He had one quality that the book¬ 
maker heartily esteems; he had a care for his books — not many — 
that might, perhaps, have grown to even bibliomania. His care, 
somehow, still attends them. If books have fellow-feeling, they 
are in company that can do their old hearts good. 


XXVI 


At length the coining, inevitable change slowly and painfully 
crept over him. The firm, strong, patient character, always his, 
did not weaken. His bearing of a long, trying, final illness was a 
lesson in the heroism of common life. And it is pleasant to think 
that many results of an honest, friendly life could attend him. 
There were no unsettled, disquieting affairs. The hands and hearts 
that helped him then had helped him kindly for years, some 
even for fifty, some for life — and life prolonged through three 
quarters of a century. At twenty-seven minutes before two, on 
Sunday morning, May 2, 1869, his last breath passed from him. 
The long, and sometimes arduous voyage was ended in a calm 
harbor of hopeful rest, the peace and the affection of his old home 
around him. 

Numerous friends, in long procession, attended his mortal re¬ 
mains to the ancient burial ground of the town, where many 
related to him through many generations had been laid. There 
too, only ten months later, his wife was placed beside him, where 
she and he wished that they should lie. And there may their re¬ 
mains be spared and guarded while the old town stands. 

The career that thus serenely closed was not one of chance or 
blind or dazzling fortune. It was the steady work of a brave, 
industrious, honest character, growing in the boy with his own 
marked individuality, and governing in the man. With little sym¬ 
pathy and help from other sources, he went out boldly into the 
wide, strange world, and his struggle with the tests it gave him. 
He met its storms and sunshine on the sea and on the land, and 
was neither overcome nor weakened, but, passing through, won 
something of what awaits the winning by any and every one who 
will make simple and substantial virtues his,— doing well his part 
in his sphere, serving his generation, and creating his little state of 
a true home, the work that, done by the great majority who must live 
a private life, builds the great aggregate of the prosperous and 
happy nation. 

Among the words about him that, written or spoken, came to the 
writer, are some of peculiar interest that tell so much of him so 
well, and are so suggestive of the vicissitudes — the early and later 
times — of his own career and of the beautiful Islands in the 
Pacific that he always liked to think of, that they may be quoted 
here, with a regret that type does not give the elegant penmanship 


XXV 11 


as well as the admirable English of the now deceased king — 
Kamehameha IV.—who wrote them to me: — 

“ I he name of the late James Hunnewell was early associated 
with the commercial interests of these islands, and his long and 
useful life was marked by such constant good-will to my kingdom, 
that I shall always cherish his memory with sincere regard. 

“ Although he was only removed in the fulness of time, I deeply 
sympathize with you in the loss of such a parent, but I congratulate 
you in the inheritance of such an honored name.” 

James Frothingham Hunnewell. 

Green Street, Charlestown, 

February 10, 1880. 


Note. — Several obituary notices, in the aggregate of considerable length, 
written by others and published in widely separated places, and resolutions, all 
kind and appreciative, are omitted, as also are rather extensive notes at hand, that 
might illustrate the story that is here told, but that do not appear to be needed 
for the delineation of the life and character that is here portrayed. It may be 
added in regard to some public services of persons mentioned in the Memoir 
that the first Hunnewell appears, with some fiction and an interesting history, as 
a bold border captain killed in war with the Indians ; that one served, as stated, 
in Shays’s Rebellion, and that Joseph Lamson at an early age was in the Revo¬ 
lutionary army, in which, also, three Frothinghams did good service. 








JOURNAL OF THE MISSIONARY PACKET. 


(Sea Account.) Wednesday, i %th January , 1826. — Com¬ 
mences pleasant and clear weather, with a fine breeze from 
S. W. At 3 p. m. got under way from Boston ; at \ l / 2 p. m. 
passed Boston lighthouse ; pleasant and clear. At 4 a. m. 
Cape Cod light bore N. W., distance 5 leagues. Ends pleas¬ 
ant and clear, with a fine breeze from West and a smooth 
sea. 

Course. Dist Dif. Lat. Dep. Lat. Obs’d. Dif. Long. Long. In. 

S. 42 0 E. 58 m. 43' 39 4I°22'N. 53' 69°11' W. 

Jan. 18. — Mr. Hunnewell was asked at various times to write descrip¬ 
tions of his voyages and early observations in places that he visited. He 
prepared a brief account of this voyage, that was printed, by request, in 
the Boston “Daily Journal,” October, 1866, and also separately, and in 
“The Friend” at Honolulu, March, 1867. Extracts from this account 
and from his letters are placed in these notes. 

His reasons for undertaking the voyage are given in the Memoir. 

“The Missionary Packet,” he stated in his account, “was built at 
North Salem, in the year 1825, for the American Board of Commissioners 
for Foreign Missions, for the use of the missionaries at the Sandwich 
Islands, at the suggestion of the Rev. William Ellis, the excellent Eng¬ 
lish missionary, who had just returned from the islands, and was built 
under the immediate care of the Hon. Wm. Reed, then chairman of the 
Prudential Committee of the A. B. C. F. M. She was well adapted to 
ply among the islands, but poorly adapted to perform the passage out, 
particularly at the season of the year when she left Boston and was off the 
stormy regions of Cape Horn. The packet was 49 feet long, and only 
13 feet wide, measuring 39H tons register. She was to have been ready 
to sail in November, 1825, but did not get ready to sail until January [18], 





2 


1826. Thus delayed until cold weather, she was not thoroughly and 
properly finished.” At “ our departure from Boston, our decks” were “ but 
one foot above the water-line.Our company consisted of two Ameri¬ 

cans, two Sandwich-Islanders (who always proved true and faithful to me), 
and myself, making five persons on board, all told.” (The Americans, it 
may be added, proved inefficient.) 

“ During the passage I found it difficult to take lunar observations, 
owing to the great and quick motions of our little vessel, but succeeded 
better than I expected, and found the deductions from observations 

nearly correct.During heavy weather we were compelled to lay to 

with fair winds for many days while making our easting, the heavy seas 
rolling in on both sides, filling our decks completely full, endangering the 
vessel, and thus compelling us to lay to.” — J. H.'s Account. 

Thursday , 19 th January , 1826. — First part pleasant and 
clear, with a gentle breeze from W. N. W. Middle part, breeze 
moderating, and hauling to N. N. E. ; the weather thick and 
overcast. Latter part, moderate breezes from North, a smooth 
sea, and passing clouds. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Lat. Obs’d. Long. In. 

S. 47° E. 83 m. 56'S. 61 E. 81'Ey. 4 o°26' N. 67°so'W. 

Friday , 20 th January , 1826. — Commences with a breeze 
from the northward and a smooth sea, with cloudy weather; 
wind hauling to N. E. Middle part, squally ; took the bonnet 
off the jib and foresail, and took two reefs in the mainsail ; at 
3 a. m. passed a vessel. Latter part, fresh gales and cloudy, 
with a rough sea ; in jib and mainsail; tried to lay to under the 
foresail; found she came to and fell off seven points, which 
left us exposed to the sea most of the time. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Lat. D. R. Dif. Long. Long. In. 

S. E. y 2 E. 131m. 83'S. 101 E. 39°o3'N. 2°i 2 ' E. 65°38' W. 

Jan. 20. — “ After leaving Boston, we had a fair wind and smooth sea, 
with mild weather (for the season), for three days. We now got into the 
Gulf Stream, and the ice all melted from off decks. We now took the 
wind from the N. E., which soon increased to a fresh gale, and it was 
truly an anxious and trying time to us. We were now come to the test 
in our small and frail bark, deeply laden, and so low that we were almost 
constantly covered with water ; and to add to this already trying time, we 








3 


found our vessel leaked in almost every part, and kept us wet below as well 
as on deck, and made long spells every half-hour (at the pumps).” — Letter 
to his Wife. “ During heavy weather our leaks .... required a spell of 
four hundred strokes per hour at the pumps.” — J. His Account. 

Saturday , 21st January , 1826. — All these twenty-four 
hours fresh gales from N. E. to North. Lying to under bal¬ 
ance-reef mainsail, with a drag out ahead. Our drag is made 
with an anchor and a spare gaff lashed athwart. For a cable 
we use two parts of a new three-inch rope. A large sea ; our 
decks continually full of water. I find our decks and the 
trunk leak considerably. My bed, my books, and most of my 
clothing wet with water that comes in around the trunk and 
through the decks. Our vessel makes more water than usual 
— a long spell every hour. Our starboard waistboards washed 
away. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. In. Lat. D. R. 

S. E. 27 m. 19'S. 19 E. 25' E. 65°i3'W. 38°44 / N. 

Sunday , 22 d January , 1826. — First part of this day fresh 
gales from the north to N. W., with a heavy sea on, the vessel 
making more water than usual — a long spell every half-hour. 
The decks and around the trunk leak badly. Lying to under 
balance-reef mainsail, with a drag out; coming to and falling off 
six points without the drag. Latter part, moderating a little, 
took in the drag, and took in balance mainsail, and bore up. 
Set the square sail; the wind coming in flaws from N. W., 
intervals moderate, but a large, irregular sea on, our decks 
continually covered with water, and the vessel drags very 
heavily through it. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Lat. D. R. Long. In. 

S. S. E. 51m. 20' 47 6o' 38°24'N. 64 0 i 3 'W. 

Jan. 22. —“ Without the drag the vessel came to and fell off seven 
points, keeping our decks full of water ; the vessel much exposed, and in 
a dangerous position. ... A man at the pump was like being on a half¬ 
tide rock, — always wet, and sometimes all over ; and a man at the helm 
was often wet up to his hips.”— J. H.'s Account. 

“ Soon after leaving Boston, we found that the vessel not only leaked 







4 


in her decks and around the deck-trunk, but that she leaked badly in her 
stern and in the rudder-case, causing, during all the heavy weather, a 
steady stream of water over the cabin floor from aft, running forward. We 
found a large leak between the pumps, and stopped it. On a wind, with 
a six-knot breeze from any quarter, the decks were full of water, the vessel 
pitching heavily.” — J. H.'s Account. 

Monday , 23^ yanuary , 1826. — First, fresh breezes from 
N. W., with cloudy weather, and a large, irregular sea running. 
Running under our square sail and two-reef mainsail. Saw a 
brig standing to the eastward. Middle part, moderate and 
bathing winds, hauling to the eastward. Latter part, we have 
a breeze from East to S. E. ; the sea very much gone down ; 
the sun out at intervals. Overhauled in the cabin ; found 
many things damaged by the leaks in the decks and around 
the trunk. 

Courses, etc., for 

Four Days past. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. In. Lat. Obs’d. 

S. E. y E. 330 m. 194' 263 5°i4 / E. 62°36'W. 37°i2 / N. 

Tuesday , 24/// yanuary , 1826. — Commences with a breeze 
from S. E. and cloudy weather. At 2 p. m. took the bonnets 
off the jib and foresail and reefed mainsail. Middle part, 
fresh gales and squally, with rain, lying to under balance-reef 
mainsail, with a sharp, irregular sea. Found the vessel fell 
off so much as to endanger her. At iop. m. rigged a drag out 
forward to keep her to the wind. Our drag was a kedge an¬ 
chor with a spare gaff rigged athwart, and two parts of a new 
three-inch rope bent on. Through the night hard gales from 
S. W., and a large sea. At 7 a. m. lost our drag and all the 
rope; moderating a little, got the vessel off before the wind. 
We make from four to five hundred strokes an hour at the 
pump. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. In. Lat. Obs’d. 

N. 32 0 E. 42 m. 36' 22 27 1 E. 62°o9 / W. 37°48 / N. 

Wednesday, 25 th January, 1826. — All this day a large, 
irregular sea, and cloudy weather with fresh breezes and 
strong squalls, with some rain. At 2 p. m. set the jib and 










5 


bore away — wind at S. S. W. Steering by compass E. by N. 
until 4 p. m. ; finding it dangerous to run, hove her to, and lay 
under balance-reef mainsail until 3 a. m., when the wind 
hauled to N. W. We got her before the wind and scudded 
her until 4 a. m., when we were again obliged to round her to 
for the safety of the vessel. Hard squalls and a large sea. 
Latter part, light breezes from W. to N. W., and a large swell. 
I find the vessel leaks considerably about the stern frame. 
We have a stream of water running over the cabin floor from 
aft. Overhauled the lockers aft — found every thing wet. Our 
leaks increase. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. In. Lat. In. 

S. bv E. 33 m. 6' 32 41' E. 6 i° 2 8'W. 37°42'N. 

Thursday , 26th January , 1826. — All this day fresh gales 
from S. W. hauling from W. N. W. with hard squalls and rain, 
with a large cross sea. Scudded her under foresail as long as 
was thought safe, and then hove to under balance-reef main¬ 
sail. We continue to leak badly, from three hundred to five 
hundred strokes an hour at the pumps when it blows heavily. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. In. Lat. In. 

E. y 2 N. 49 m. 4' 48 6c/ E. 6o° 2 8' W. 37°46' N. 

Friday , 27th January, 1826. — All these twenty-four hours 
fresh gales from W. N. W., with hard squalls of rain and hail, 
and a very large sea running. Continue lying to all day un¬ 
der balance-reef mainsail. Our vessel makes as good weather 
as can be expected. She sometimes falls off six points, at 
which times she is very much exposed. Lying in the trough 
of the sea, we are in danger of having the sea break upon us, 
which we could not stand. Our leaks continue as bad as 
ever. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. In. Lat. Obs’d. 

S. E. 36 m. 23' 28 E. 35' E. 59 ° 53 / w - 37 ° 23 ' N. 

Saturday, 28th January, 1826.— First part, fresh breezes 
from W. N. W., and squally, with rain. The sea considerably 










6 


gone down, bore up and ran E. S. E. under the square sail. 
Middle part, wind light, and veering from N. W. to S. S. W. 
Latter part, a breeze from S. by W. Made all sail steering 
E. S. E.; the sun out at intervals between the clouds. Al¬ 
though smooth weather (compared with what we have had), 
our decks are continually washed by every small sea. 

Reckoning for Four Days : — 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. In. Lat. In. 

114 m. 39' 107 133' E. 57°4o'W. 36°o7 / N. 

Sunday , 29 th yanuary , 1826. — First part of this day fresh 
breezes from S. S. W. to S. W. with cloudy weather. Reefed 
the sails. Middle part, the wind and sea rising, took in the 
foresail and mainsail. Latter part, a very hard gale from 
S. W., and a large sea, and severe squalls, with some rain. 
Found it dangerous running, the sea rolling in upon us from 
both sides and keeping us constantly covered. Hove to and 
lay under balance mainsail. At 10 a. m. very severe squalls ; 
handed the balance-reef mainsail, and lay to under bare 
poles. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. In. Lat. D. R. 

N. 87° E. u7 m. 7' 116E. 2°2 4 ' E. S5 °i6'W. 3 6°i 4 / N. 

Monday , 30 th yanuary , 1826. — Begins with hard gales from 
W. N. W. and severe squalls, with rain. Lying to under 
bare poles with a high sea running. At 2 p. m., moderating a 
little, set balance-reef mainsail. At 7 p. m., the sea consider¬ 
ably gone down, got before wind, steering E. S. E. under 
square sail. At 2 a . m ., moderating, made more sail. Latter 
part, squally with a fresh breeze from S. S. W. and cloudy 
weather. If we have a six-knot breeze from any quarter, our 
decks are continually washed fore and aft, and a man at helm 
or at the pumps is obliged to stand a part of the time over his 
knees in water. We continue to make considerable water. 
I found one bad leak between the pumps, and stopped it. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. In. Lat. D. R. 

East. 92 m. oo' 92 i°53 / E. 53°23 / W. 36°i4'N. 











7 


Tuesday , 31^ January , 1826. — All this day hard gales from 
S. W. and a very large, irregular sea. Scudding E. to E. N. E. 
until 5 p. m., when, for the safety of ourselves and the vessel, we 
were obliged to round her to, and lie under balance-reef main¬ 
sail. At 6 p. m. she could not bear the balance-reef mainsail, 
and we were obliged to take it in, lie to ahull—the vessel 
laboring very heavily, leaking badly, and the sea breaking 
over us almost constantly, and we lying completely at the 
mercy of the waves. With our chain cable, a piece of spare 
junk, and a jib-boom, we rigged a drag out forward to try to 
keep her head to, and with the bonnet of the jib rigged a storm 
sail aft. Ends, hard gales, a large sea, and squally, cloudy 
weather. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. In. Lat. D. R. 
S. 77 0 E. 53 m. 12' 52 i 0 04' E. 52°i9'W. 36°26'N. 

m 

Wednesday, 1st February , 1826. — All this day hard gales 
from W. S. W. to W. N. W., with severe squalls of wind and 
rain in quick succession, with a very large, irregular sea. 
The vessel continues to labor very heavily, and ships a great 
deal of water. Our leaks continue nearly as bad as ever. 
Lying to all day, with a drag out, under the storm sail made 
with the bonnet of the jib. Latter part, moderating a little, 
set balance-reef mainsail at 10 a. m. So ends. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif Long. Long. In. Lat. D. R. 

East. 241m o' 24 E. o°3o'E. 5i°49'W. 3 6°26'N. 


Thursday, 2d February, 1826. — First part of this day fresh 
gales from N. W., and heavy squalls, with some rain and a 
heavy sea. Lying to with a drag out. Latter part, moderat¬ 
ing, and the sea considerably gone down. At 7 a. m. took in 
the drag. At 8, bore away E. S. E., and made sail. Ends 
with a light breeze from N. W. and a large swell. Overhauled 
the cabin, found our clothing, beds, books, and almost every 
thing wet and damaged by the leaks. Got our spare sails on 
deck, found them mildewed. 






8 


By observation I find we are 20 miles north of my reck¬ 
oning. 

• Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. In. Lat. Obs’d. 

30 m. 30 o° 38' 5i°n' W. by ac’t. 36°44' N. 

Friday, 3 d February, 1826. — First, moderate breezes from 
W. S. W., hauling to N. W. Steering S. E. by E., with a large 
swell from the westward. Pleasant weather, middle part, 
breezing up from the S. W. Latter part, a fresh breeze from 
S. S. W. to S. At 10 A. m. reefed our sails. Ends with fresh 
breezes and passing clouds. Our deck continually covered 
with water. The vessel does not make quite as much water 
as she did. As it comes on rough, our leaks increase. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. In. Lat. Obs’d. 
S. 63° E. 127 m. 58' 113 2°2o'E. 48°5i / W. 35°46'N. 

Saturday, \th February, 1826. — This day begins \fith a 
fresh breeze from S. S. W. hauling to S. W. and increasing to 
a fresh gale. Continued scudding all day — the latter under 
the jib only. A large sea on : our [deck] continually covered 
with water — the water rolling over the rail on both sides. 
Lost a topsail, washed overboard from the trunk. Our decks 
and around the trunk leak badly. Running E. S. E. to E. N. 
E., as the sea would best allow to run. Ends, hard squalls 
and cloudy. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. In. Lat. D. R. 

N. 87° E. 161 m. g 1 160 E. 3°i7'E. 45°34'W. 35 ° 55 ' N - 

Sunday, 5 th February, 1826. — Begins with fresh gales from 
S. W. and hard squalls with a large sea. The vessel labors 
very hard and strains so much that it causes her to leak badly, 
particularly around the trunk. At noon hove to under bal¬ 
ance-reef mainsail. At 7 p. m. very severe weather. Found 
the balance mainsail too much for us ; handed the sail and 
lay ahull all night. At 4 a. m., moderating a little, set balance 
mainsail. At 8 a. m. the wind hauled to N. W. Bore away, 
keeping before the sea. The sea makes a fair wash fore and 










9 


aft our decks. For sixteen days I have not seen a dry spot 
on any part of our decks. Ends clear. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. In. Lat. Obs’d. 

_ 33 m - 33 E. 40' E. 44° 54' W. 35° 34' N. 

Monday, 6th February , 1826. — First part pleasant, with light 
baffling breezes from N. N. W. to W., and a long, irregular 
swell from N. W. At 8 p. m. a breeze sprang up from S. 
hauling to S. W. Latter part, fresh gales from S. W., and 
a large sea. Running under the jib only, the sea making our 
deck constantly filled with water as high as our rails, and 
every sea rolling over us, which causes us to leak badly. 
Around the trunk it pours in in streams. At noon rounded 
to and lay under balance-reef mainsail. So ends. Sun out 
at intervals. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. In. Lat. by Obs’n. 

S. 75 ° E - 65 m. 17' 63 I°I7 / E. 43°37 / W. 35 °i 7 / N. 

Tuesday , 7th February , 1826.— First part, fresh gales from 
S. W., hauling to West; a large sea running; lying to 
under balance-reef mainsail. Middle part, fresh gales and 
hard squalls; handed the mainsail, and lay all night under 
bare poles, the wind hauling to N. W., with some rain. Latter 
part, the gale moderating and the sea going down, put her 
before the wind, and made sail to E. S. E. Ends pleasant, 
with a rough sea. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. In. Lat. Obs’d. 

S. 28° E. 47 m. 22' 41 50' E. 42°47 / W. 34°55' N. 

Wednesday , 8th February , 1826. — First part of this day a 
fine breeze from N. W., and a large swell; steering S. S. E. 
Middle part, moderate, and light squalls .of rain. Latter part, 
a light breeze from S. S. W., and pleasant weather ; repairing 
sails ; made a new balance-reef in the mainsail; a long swell 
and smooth sea ; our decks are dry aft and forward, — the first 
time I have seen a dry spot on our decks for nineteen days. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. In. Lat. Obs’d. 

S. E. S. 88 m. 71' 52 i°03 / E. 4i°44 / W. 33°44'N. 




















10 


Feb. 8. — “For three weeks we had very little moderate weather. 
Gale after gale followed in such quick succession that we had no smooth 
sea, and for three weeks I never saw a dry spot on any part of our vessel’s 
decks. During these three weeks we encountered some of the heaviest 
gales of wind I have ever seen, and I never suffered so much before from 
anxiety. But, thanks to the Giver of every good gift, we have had some 
mild, pleasant weather.’’■— Letter to his Wife. 

Thursday, ogth February, 1826. — All this day a fine breeze 
from S. S. W. to W. S. W., with a large head-beat sea; the 
vessel pitches very heavily, and keeps her decks covered with 
water ; steering S. S. E. to S. E.; the weather pleasant, with 
passing clouds. 

I allow 1 point variation. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. In. Lat. Obs’d. 

S. 51 0 E. 71m. 45' 55 i°o6' E. 4 o° 38 ' VV. 32°59 / N. 

Friday, 10th February, 1826. — First and middle part of this 
day, we have a breeze from S. W., veering, and hauling to 
West; steering by compass S. S. E. ; the weather squally and 
cloudy, with showers of fine rain. Latter part, at 7 a. m., 
the wind hauled to N. E. in a squall. Remainder of the day, 
fresh breezes from N. E. and squally weather; made and took 
in sail as occasion required. So ends my birthday [thirty- 
second]. 

Variation i point Westerly. Long. In. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. by Account. Lat. D. R. 

S. E. byS. 105 m. 87' 58 i°c>9' E. 39°2g' VV. 3i°32' N. 

Saturday, 11 tJi February, 1826. — First part, fresh breezes 
from E. N. E., with a quick sea, and squally, cloudy weather; 
leaks around the trunk worse than ever, — it comes in streams. 
Middle part, fresh breezes, with a large sea on. Latter part, 
continues fresh breezes from E. N. E. ; the sun out at inter¬ 
vals ; a large [sea] running; steering S. S. E. to S. E. by S. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. Obs’d. 
S. 35 0 E. 124 m. ioi' 72 i°24 / E. 3S°o5 / VV. 29°52 / N. 

Sunday, 1 2th February, 1826. — First part of this day we 
have a fine breeze from E. N. E., with cloudy weather and a 











rough sea. Middle and latter part, gentle breezes from E. by 
N. to E. by S., with a cross-swell from N. E. and S. E. ; the 
weather pleasant. I set myself at work caulking : found large 
seams around the trunk entirely open, without any oakum in 
them ; put in two large threads of oakum for several feet. 

Long. In. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. Obs’d. by Obs. 

S. E. by S. 72 m. 6o' 40 46' E. 37°i9 / W. 28°52 / N. 4i°3o' 

Feb. 12. — “On the 12th of February, when 25 days out, it was nearly 
calm, for the first time during the passage.” — J. H.'s Accowit. 

Monday , 13 th February, 1826. — First and middle part of 
this day, light airs from E. N. E. to E. S. E., with a swell from 
N. E., S. E. ; pleasant weather, and passing clouds. Latter 
part, light, baffling airs from East to S. E., and a smooth sea ; 
employed caulking ; find some seams entirely open ; drying 
and overhauling provisions, &c., damaged by the leaks. By 
lunar observation, I find we are four degrees to the Westward 
of our reckoning. 

Long. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. Obs’d. from Obs’n. 

S. 57 0 E. 28 m. 15' 26 36°53'W. 28°37 / N. 4 o°37 / W. 

Tuesday, \4tJ1 February, 1826. — First part, calm and pleas¬ 
ant, clouds passing from N. N. E. Middle part, pleasant, 
with light, baffling breezes from N. N. W. to N. E. Latter 
part, calm, pleasant, and clear, with a smooth sea ; unlashed 
the boat, and broke open the main hatch ; took out a barrel of 
water and some wood; found a number of boxes and other 
things that were wet by leaks around the hatch and around 
the masts and through the decks ; dried the outsides of some 
of the boxes in the sun. In smooth water the vessel makes 
but a short spell at the pump in twelve hours. 

Long. in. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. Obs’d. from Obs’n. 

East 22 m. 22 25' 36°28' W. 28°37'N. 40°i2'W. 

Wednesday, \$th February, 1826. — First part of this day 
calm and pleasant, the sea smooth ; caulked down the main 


















12 


hatch, and stowed the boat. Middle part, light, baffling 
breezes from N. E. to S. E. Latter part, calm and smooth, 
with clear, pleasant weather ; swell from N. E. ; longitude in., 
from the mean of observation of sun (W.) and moon, and moon 
and star (E.) Pollux, 4i°i8' West. I think we have had a 
strong current. 

Long. In. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. Obs’d. from Obs’n. 

40 4C 35 0 4 2'W. 2 8°o8'N. 4i°i8'W. 

Thursday , 1 6th February, 1826. — First part, calm, pleasant, 
and a smooth sea; the sun very hot. Middle part, moderate 
breezes from N. E. and pleasant; at 11 p. m. spoke a brig, 
supposed to be a Spaniard ; she was steering north, and 
reported herself for Columbia ; a swell from N. N. E. Latter 
part, pleasant breezes from E. N. E. 

Dif. Long. In. 

Course. Dist. Lat. Dep. Dif.Long. Long.D.R. Lat. Obs’d. from Obs’n. 

S. 82° E. 57 m. 7' 54 i°ox / E. 34°4i / W. 28°o5 / N.,D.R. 4o°25'W. 

Friday, 17 th February , 1826.— First part, pleasant, with a 
breeze from E. by N. Middle part, wind at East; the sea 
rising. Latter part, fresh breezes and pleasant, with a large 
sea; pass near a ship standing to the Westward ; showed no 
colors ; supposed her to be an American belonging to Boston. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. Obs’d. Long. In. 
S.37°E. loom. 80' 60 67' 33 0 34 'W. 26°4i'N. 39°i4 / W. 

Saturday, 1 §th February, 1826.— All these twenty-four 
hours fresh breezes from East to E. S. E., with a large sea and 
swell; pleasant weather, and passing clouds. I find the vessel 
pitches very heavily on a wind. The water we pump out is 
very oily, and appears like brine from fish. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. Obs’d. Long. In. 
S- 30° E. 65 m. 52' 38 43'E. 32°5i'W. 2S°49 / N. 38°4i'\V. 

Sunday, 19 th February , 1826.— First part, fresh breezes 
from E. by S., with light squalls of rain. Middle part, moder- 

















13 


ate and pleasant, a large swell from E. Latter part, we have 
a breeze from E. S. E., with pleasant weather; stood to the 
N. E. four hours. Ends moderate and pleasant. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. Obs’d. Long. In. 

S. 32 0 E. 53 m. 45' 28 31'E. 32°20 / W. 2 S°o 4 / N. 38°io / VV. 

Monday, 20 th February, 1826. — All this day light, baffling 
breezes from E. N. E. to E. S. E. ; the weather pleasant, with 
passing clouds; stood eight hours to the N. E., and sixteen 
hours to the South-eastward. Ends pleasant, with a moderate 
swell from the Eastward. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. Obs’d. Long. In. 

S. S. E. 42 m. 16' 39 o°43' 3 i° 37 / 24°48 / N. 37°27'W. 

Tuesday, 21st February, 1826. — All this day we have pleas¬ 
ant weather and passing clouds, and most of the time a fine 
breeze from East to E. N. E.; a part of the [day] moderate, 
with fresh flaws ; standing on a wind to the S. E., with a head 
sea. My observations disagree. Take moon and star West 
carries me too far West; take moon and star or sun East, it 
carries me too far East. I use the mean, and find we have a 
strong Wy. current. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. In. Lat. Obs’d. Long. In. 
S. 43 0 E. 82 m. 6o' 56 1 °o 1 3 o° 3 6'W. 2 3 0 4 8 / N. 38°4 9 ' 

from the mean of obs. East and West. 

Wednesday, 22d February, 1826. — All these twenty-four 
hours fresh breezes from E. by N. to E. N. E., with a large, 
quick sea from E. S. E. ; the weather pleasant, but hazy; we 
are standing on a wind to the S. E. ; I allow ]/ 2 point leeway 
and one point Westerly variation ; running under reef jib, 
bonnet off the foresail, and three reefs in the mainsail. 

Long. In. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Lat. D. R. Lat. Obs’d. fromObs’n. 

S. 47 0 E. 90 m. 62' 66 i°i2'E. 29°24'W. 22°46'N. 37°37' VV. 

Thursday, 23 d February , 1826. — All this day fresh gales 
from East to E. N. E., with a large cross-sea from N. E. to 















14 


S. E.; steering S. E. and S. S. E. under reef jib, bonnet off 
the foresail, and three reefs in the mainsail; every sea comes 
over us, and keeps our decks constantly covered with water; 
the decks continue to leak. 

Long. In. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. Obs’d. from Obs’n. 
S. 28 E. 70 m. 62' 33 36' E. 28°48 / VV. 2i c 44'N. 37 °oi'W. 

Friday, 24 th February , 1826. — All this day fresh gales from 
East to E. N. E., with squalls and showers of rain, and a bad 
cross-sea from E. to S. E. ; standing to the South-eastward 
under reef jib and reef foresail; variation about one point ; 
the sun out a part of the time. So ends this day. 

Long. In. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. Obs’d. from Obs’n. 

S. 28^°W. 89 78' 42 45'E. 28°c> 3 / W. 2o° 2 6 / N. 3 6 °i6 , W. 

Saturday, 25/// February , 1826.—All this day fresh gales 
from E. by N. to N. E. by E., with squalls and showers of rain ; 
a large, irregular sea on ; the weather pleasant between squalls ; 
running under reef jib, close-reef foresail, and balance-reef 
mainsail; the vessel very uncomfortable, — the decks all of 
the time covered with water, and the spray constantly flying 
fore and aft, and our decks continue to leak, so that we are 
wet below as well as on deck ; we pump out brine. 

Long. In. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. Obs’d. from Obs’n. 

S. E. 91m. 64! 64 [68'?]E. 26°55 / W. I9 0 22'N. 35°o8'W. 

Sunday, 26th February, 1826. —First part of this day, fresh 
gales from N. E. to E. N. E., with a rough sea, and squally ; 
intervals between squalls pleasant and clear; steering S. E. 
by S. y 2 S. under reef jib, close-reef foresail, and balance main¬ 
sail. Latter part, moderating a little ; let a reef out the fore¬ 
sail and mainsail. Ends fresh breezes and squally. 

Long. In. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. Obs’d. from Obs’n. 

S^°E. 134 iQ 5 / 83 i°2fE. 2 5 °28 / W.~i7° 37 / N. 3 3°4i / W- 

Monday, 27th February, 1826. — All these twenty-four hours 
strong breezes from N. E. to E. N. E. ; pleasant but hazy 















i5 


weather; steering S. E. by S. ]/ 2 S. all day ; variation, one 
point. Latter, very hazy and damp ; the sun out, but not 
clear; the atmosphere has the effect on the water to make it 
look pale and thick, like water on soundings. 

Long. In. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. Obs’d. from Obs’n. 

S.E. y 2 S. 151m. 117' 96 i°4o / E. 23°44 / W. i5°4o / N. 32°oi'VV. 

Tuesday, 28th February, 1826. — All these twenty-four hours 
from N. E. to E. N. E.; the weather pleasant, overhead the 
atmosphere thick and hazy; standing S. S. E., all necessary 
sail set. I allow one point Westerly variation. I find we are 
acted upon by strong current setting to the Westward. 

Long. In. 
from 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. In. Lat. Obs'd. Obs’n. 
S.35°W. 159 m. 130' 91 x°34'E. 22°io / W. D.R. i3°3o / N. 32°oo / 

from last obs’n West. 

Wednesday, 1st March, 1826. — All this day fresh breezes 
from N. E. to E. N. E., with hazy weather, and passing 
clouds, with intervals very pleasant ; all sail set; steering S. E. 
by S. I allow ^ point variation. We have a strong current 
setting to the Westward. 

Long. In. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. Obs’d. from Obs’n. 

S. E. byS. 145 m. 12o / 80 i°i2 / E. 2o°58 / W. ii^o'N. 3i°oo'W. 

Thursday, 2d March, 1826. — All these twenty-four hours 
fresh breezes from N. E. to E. N. E. ; the weather pleasant, 
with passing clouds; all sail set; steering by compass S. E. 
by S. I allow ^ point Westerly variation. A smooth sea; 
removed our stove on deck ; thermometer up to 85°. 

Long. In. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. Obs’d. from Obs’n. 

S.E.byS. 153 m. 127' 85 I°27'W. 9 °23 / N. 29^0'W. 

Friday, 3 d March , 1826. — All this day we have a fine 
breeze, varying and hauling from E. N. E. to N. E., and a 
smooth sea; steering by compass S. S. E. ; variation, say 
point Westerly ; thermometer at noon, in the cabin, 85°; a 

















i6 


part of the day overcast; most of the day pleasant and clear. 
By lunar observation this day, I make the longitude in 28° 00 
West. 

Long. In. 

Course. Dist. Dif.Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. Obs’d. from Obs’n. 

S.E.byS.c^S. 143m. 126' 68 i°o8 / E. i 8°23 / W. 7°i7 / N. 28°oo / YV. 

Saturday, 4th March, 1826. — All these twenty-four hours 
a steady, gentle gale from N. E. to E. N. E., with a moderate 
swell; all sail set; steering S. by E. ; distance by log, 141 
miles; variation about point Westerly. For the last day 
I think we have the current setting West Northerly. The 
weather pleasant and clear; the mercury up to 86° in the 
cabin. 

Long. In. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat.Obs’d. from Obs’n. 
S.byE.^E. 130m. 124' 38 o° 38'E i7°45 / W. 5°i3 / N. 27°4 o / W. 

Sunday, $tk March, 1826. — Most of this day pleasant and 
clear, a few passing clouds, and gentle gales from N. E. to E. 
by N., with a moderate following swell; steering by compass 
S. by E. ; distance by log, 143 miles. I expect we have a 
current setting N. W. Thermometer 89°. 

Long. In. 

Course. Dist. Dif.Lat. Dep. Dif.Long. Long.D.R. Lat.Obs’d. from Obs’n. 

S.byE.y^E. 124 m. Ii8' 40 40' i 7 °° 5 ' w - 3°i5 / N. 2^20'W. 

March 5. — “ What shall I render to my God for all his goodness to me ! 

I am aware that the tribute of a grateful heart is due to him for his kind 
care over me thus far on this perilous voyage, and for his kind care over 
me all the days of my life. I fear that I do not feel grateful enough on 
this present voyage; for it seems as if I never was so immediately under 
divine protection, and I never needed it more than I do now, and since I 
embarked in this frail vessel for this long and tedious voyage.” — Letter 
to his Wife, dated Sunday, $th March. 

“ For the last week we have had a pleasant time, and made rapid pro¬ 
gress on our voyage. I feel in hope we may meet with somebody, in a few 
days, bound to America, that I may send you this.” — Same Letter. 

Monday, 6th March, 1826. — These twenty-four hours, light, 
baffling breezes from N. E. to East; most of the day pleasant 
and clear, — a few light showers of rain, the sea smooth, the 










i7 


9 


weather warm, the mercury in thermometer up to 86°. I 
allow yi point Westerly variation, and ]/ 2 a knot an hour 
Westerly set. 

Lat. Long. In. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. by Obs’n. from Obs’n. 

S. by E. 71m. 6<y 16 16' i 6°49 / W. 2°o6 / N. 27°x6 / W. 

Tuesday, 7th March, 1826. — All this day light, baffling 
winds and calms, with some showers of rain ; a large swell 
from the Northward ; intervals of pleasant weather; made 
and took in sail. I allow ]/ 2 point Westerly variation, and y 
knot per hour Westerly set. 

Long. In. 

Course. Dist. Dif.Lat. Dep. Dif.Long. Long.D.R. Lat.Obs’d. from Obs’n. 

S. ^ E. 46 m. 4f7 s' <7 i6° 4 4 / W. i° 2 o' N. 

Wednesday, 8th March, 1826. — First and middle part, light, 
baffling airs from North to S. W., with calms ; a smooth sea 
and cloudy weather ; y knot Westerly current. Latter part, 
a fresh squall from N. E., with some rain. Ends with a light 
breeze from East ; the sun out clear; thermometer 86°; a 
brig in sight, standing to Northward. Var. y W. 

Long. Tn. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif.Long. Long. D. R. Lat. Obs’d. from Obs’n. 

S- y W. 35 m. 35 2 2' i6°5i / W. o° 45'N. 27°i9'W. 

Thursday, gth March, 1826. — Through these twenty-four 
hours light and baffling breezes from all points of compass, 
with spells of calm, and light showers of rain, with intervals 
of clear, pleasant weather, and extremely warm ; the sea 
smooth. [50 days out when we cross the line, — same time 
in the “Thaddeus, 1819.”] Mercury 89° in the shade. 

Course. Dist. Dif.Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Long.Obs’d. Lat.Obs’d. 
S. i9°W. 64 m. 6o' 21 2i / (?) i7°i 8'W. 27°44'W. o°i5'S. 


Friday, 10 th March, 1826. — All this day baffling winds 
from S. E. to N. E., with squalls of rain and intervals of calm ; 
most of the day cloudy, sultry weather, with some thunder and 
lightning ; made and took in sail as occasion required ; swell 











t. 


18 

from S. E. I allow y of a knot for Westerly set, and *4 point 
variation. Mercury in thermometer stands 86°. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif.Long. Long.D.R. Long.In. Lat.D.R. 

S.byW.^W. 68m. 65' 19 25' i7°43'W. 2&°o 9 ' W. i° 2 o' S. 

Saturday, nth March, 1826. — First part, calm and pleas¬ 
ant, with a smooth sea. Middle and latter parts we have a 
breeze from S. S. E., veering and hauling to S. E., with some 
showers of rain. I allow y, point Westerly variation, and y 
of a knot for Westerly set. Mercury 88°. Ends pleasant, 
and clear weather. 

Course. Dist. Dif.Lat. Dep. Dif.Long. Long.D.R. Long.In. Lat.Obs’d. 

S. 24 0 W. 78^ 7P J2 x8°2i / W. 28°47'W. 2°3PS. 


Sunday , 12 th March, 1826. — All these twenty-four hours 
gentle gales from the S. E., with a smooth sea, and moderate 
swell from S. S. E. ; pleasant weather. I allow y knot for 
Westerly set or current, and y 2 point variation. My observa¬ 
tions do not agree. The sun and stars West of the moon 
carry me one degree too far West, and sun and stars East of 
the moon make me one degree too far East. Mercury stands 
88°. 

Long.In.from 
mean Obs’n 

Course. Dist. Dif.Lat. Dep. Dif.Long. Long.D.R. Lat Obs’d. this Day 
S. S. W. 108 m. 100' 41 47' i9°o8' W. 4 °ii'S. 3o°o9'W. 

Monday, 13 th March, 1826. — All this day a gentle, steady 
breeze from S. E. to S. E. by E. ; the sea moderate, with 
clear, pleasant weather. By observation of sun and moon 
and meridian observation of the sun, I find we have near a 
knot and a half current, setting nearly in a West South-west 
direction. For the last twenty-four hours all sail set; steer¬ 
ing by compass S. by W. 95 miles dist. Mercury 88°. 

Long.In.from 
mean Obs'n 

Course. Dist. Dif.Lat. Dep. Dif.Long. Long.D.R. Lat.Obs’d. this Day. 
S.byW.^W. 114m. no' 28 28' i9°36 / W. 6 °oi / S. 3i°2o / W. 











19 


Tuesday, i \th March, 1826. — All this day, clear, pleasant 
weather, with a steady, gentle gale from S. E., hauling to 
E. S. E., with a moderate swell from S. E. I find by observa¬ 
tion we have a current setting W. S. W. at the rate of a knot 
an hour. All sail set ; steering by compass S. by W. and 
S. S. W. Mercury in thermometer 86°. 

Long. In. 

Course. Dist. Dif.Lat. Dep. Dif.Long. Long.D.R. Lat.Obs’d. fromObs’n. 
S./ 4 W. 124m. 123 12 12' i9°48 / W. 8 °c>4' S. 32°io'W. 

Wednesday, i$th March, 1826. — All this day gentle gales 
E. S. E., hauling to S. E., with clear, pleasant weather and a 
moderate sea; all drawing sail set ; steering by compass 
S. S. W.; little or no variation ; mercury 90°. We continue 
to have a South-westerly current, say 20 miles. 

Long. In. 

from Mean 

Course. Dist. Dif.Lat. Dep. Dif.Long. Long.D.R. Lat.Obs’d. of Obs’ns. 
S.S.W.^W. 141m. 128' 60 67' 2o°55 / W. io°i2 / 33°i7'W. 

Thursday, 16th March, 1826. — All these twenty-four hours 
gentle gales from S. E., with a smooth sea and pleasant 
weather; passing clouds ; at 3 a. m., passed near a vessel, 
standing to the N. N. E. ; all drawing sail set ; steering 
S. S. W. Mercury 89°. 

Long. In. 

from last 

Course. Dist. Dif.Lat. Dep. Dif.Long. Long.D.R. Lat.Obs’d. Obs'n. 

S.byW.^W. 125m. 113' 53 54 / 2i°49 / W. i2°o5'S. 34°n'W. 

Friday, iyth March, 1826. — This day gentle breezes from 
S. E., hauling to East, with warm, pleasant weather and a 
smooth sea ; all drawing sail set; steering S. S. W. I do not 
allow any variation. At 2 p. m., passed a brig standing to the 
Northward. Mercury in the cabin up to 92 0 ; the heat on 
deck oppressive. 

Course. Dist. Dif.Lat. Dep. Dif.Long. Long.D.R. Lat.Obs’d. Long.In. 

S. S. W. 107 m. 99' 41 42' 22°3I / W. I3°44 / S. 34°5o / W. 

Saturday, 1 8th March, 1826. — All these twenty-four hours 
light, baffling winds from all points of the compass, with calms, 













20 




and squalls, with some showers of rain ; most of the day cloudy, 
the sea smooth, and the weather warm. Thermometer at 

8 7 °. Long. In. 

from last 

Course. Dist. Dif.Lat. Dep. Dif.Long. Long.D.R. Lat.Obs’d. Obs’n. 


S.byW.^VV. 73m. 69' 25 26' 22°57 / W. i4°53'S. 35 °i6'W. 


Sunday , 19th March, 1826. — All these twenty-four hours 
light, baffling [winds] from all around the compass, with in¬ 
tervals of calms, and light squalls with showers of rain ; the 
sea smooth ; made and took in sail as occasion required. Dis¬ 
tance by log 61 miles ; thermometer 84°. Ends light airs 
and cloudy. No observation. 

March 19. —“ We are now sailing along the coast of Brazil, 61 days 
out,” and “ within five or six days’ sail of Rio Janeiro, where I intend 
to stop to refit the vessel and prepare for a passage around Cape Horn. 
When I left you I did not expect to stop at this place, but for our safety 
and comfort it is necessary. If those who had the overseeing of the 
building and fitting the vessel had been faithful , we should not have 
needed to stop. The Packet proves to be a stiffer and safer vessel than I 
expected when I left home ; for I never expected she could stand the 
severe and trying gales we have rode out in her. All my hope when I 
embarked was that we should not meet with any hard gales, for I feared 
she would never ride them out. But we have met with trying gales, and, 
thanks to the kind care of an all-wise and overruling Providence, we rode 
them out in safety, and have been permitted to witness the smiles of 
Providence, although at times he has worn a frowning face.” At the 
worst, “ I never felt despair, — not a moment. Leaving home was my 
most trying time. When put to the test by storms and tempest I could 
bear it better.” — Letter to his Wife , March igth. 

Course. Dist. Dif.Lat. Dep. Dif.Long. Long.D.R. Lat.D.R. Long.In. 

S. 9 0 W. 61 m. S3' 8' 8' 2 3 0 o6'W. i5°46' 35°24'W. 


Monday , 20 th March , 1826. — All these twenty-four hours 
light, baffling airs from all points of the compass ; first part of 
the day cloudy ; latter part pleasant. Thermometer standing 
in the cabin 88°. 

Course. Dist. Dif.Lat. Dep. Dif.Long. Long.D.R. Lat. Obs’d. Long. In. 
S. by W. for two days corrected. 23 °i6 / W. i6°i8 ' S. 35°34' W. 








21 


Tuesday, 2\st March, 1826. — First part, light, baffling 
breezes from all around the compass, with squalls of rain and 
a smooth sea. Latter part, pleasant; passing clouds, with a 
breeze from N. E., hauling to North and N. N. W.; made and 
took in sail as needed ; mercury up to 92 0 . Ends pleasant 
weather. Lat. by obs. I7°26' S. 

Course. Dist. Dif.Lat. Dep. Dif.Long. Long.D.R. Lat.byObs’n. Long.In. 

S. 18 0 W. 72 m. 68' 22 23' 23°39'W. i7°26'S. 35°57'W. 

Wednesday, 22d March, 1826. — First part, light, baffling 
winds, and squally-looking weather. Middle and latter parts, 
we have a breeze from N. E. to E. N. E. Saw three vessels 
in different directions. Longitude deduced from the mean of 
observations of the star Pollux West and Spica East of the 
moon, 36°4 o' W. Mercury continues up to 92 0 . 

Course. Dist. Dif.Lat. Dep. Dif.Long. Long.D.R. Lat.byObs’n. Long.In. 
S.3oy£°W. 89m. 69' 41 43' 23°52 / W. i8°35'S. 36°4o / W. 

Thursday, 23rd March, 1826. — The wind from N. E.to S. E., 
with a fine breeze and pleasant weather and passing clouds ; 
spoke a French brig 15 days from Rio Janeiro. I allow 
point Easterly variation, and steer S. S. W. Thermometer 
down to 87°. 

Course. Dist. Dif.Lat. Dep. Dif.Long. Long.D.R. Lat.byObs’n. Long.In. 
S.S.W.^W. 107m. 97' 43 47' 24°39' W. 20° 1 1' S. 37°27'W. 

Friday, 24 th MarcJi, 1826.—All this day baffling winds 
from N. E. to S. E., and squally, with some heavy showers of 
rain and intervals of pleasant weather; made and took in sail 
as occasion required. Variation point Easterly. The 
mercury in thermometer down to 85°. 

Course. Dist. Dif.Lat. Dep. Dif.Long. Long.D.R. Lat.Obs’d. Long.In. 

S. 26° W. 108m. 97' 48 51' 25°3o' 2i°49'S. 38 °i8'VV. 

Saturday, 25 th March, 1826. — All these twenty-four hours 
light, baffling [winds] and moderate breezes from all around 
the compass, with showers of rain ; the intervals pleasant; the 















22 


sea smooth ; made and took in sail as occasion required. 
Thermometer 91 0 . [60 days out.] 

Dif. Dif. 

Course. Dist. Lat. Dep. Long. Long.D.R. Lat.Obs'd. Long.In. B.&Dist. 

S.43°W. 81m. 59' 55 59' 26°29 / W. 22°48 / S. 39°i7 / W. 

Sunday, 26th March, 1826. — All this day pleasant weather, 
with light breezes, veering and hauling from N. W., North to 
N. E. and East; the first part very smooth ; latter part, a 
large swell from S. W. ; saw a vessel bearing East. l / 2 point 
E. variation ; thermometer up to 91 0 . 

B. & Dist. 

Dif. Dif. of Cape 

Course. Dist. Lat. Dep. Long. Long.D.R. Lat.Obs’d. Long.In. Frio. 

S.85°W. 83m. 07' 83 i° 3 o' 27°59 / W. 22°55'S. 4o°o6 / W. S.87 0 

W.86m. 

Monday, 27th March, 1826. — Begins with light, baffling 
breezes and pleasant weather. Middle and latter part, gentle 
breezes from the Eastward, with a swell from S. W. At 6 a. m. 
made the land, Cape Frio bearing W. N. W., 6 leagues dis¬ 
tance. Saw several vessels in different directions, some stand¬ 
ing in, others standing out. At Meridian Cape Frio bore 
North, 3 leagues distant. Thermometer stands 88°. Cape 
Frio lies Lat. 23°oi / South, Long. 4i°40' West. 

B.&Dist.of 

Dif. Dif. Cape Frio 

Course. Dist. Lat. Dep. Long. Long.D.R. Lat.Obs’d. Long.In. from Obs. 

S.8o°W. 87m. 15' 86 i°2 4 / VV. 2 9 °23 / 23°io'S. 4i° 4 6 / W. N. 3 lgs. 

I continue the day as in civil account of time. In the after¬ 
noon continue standing in West for the harbor of Rio Janeiro, 
with a fine breeze from the Eastward and pleasant weather ; 
spoke a Danish brig from Spain bound into Rio; at 8 p. m., 
hove to off the mouth of Rio harbor ; lay off and on all night, 
with moderate, baffling winds and heavy rain ; found we had a 
strong current through the night setting us to the S. W. 

Tuesday, 28th March, 1826. — In the morning, light and 
baffling airs from E. N. E. to N. W., and pleasant; at 11 a. m., 
the wind set in at S. W. with a fresh breeze ; stood in for the 
harbor of Rio. In the afternoon, squally, with rain ; at 3 p. m., 









23 


passed Fort St. Cruz, at the entrance of the harbor of Rio 
Janeiro ; at 4 ?. m., was brought to by a gun from one of the 
forts; anchored near the guardship in 18 fathoms water; 
was immediately boarded by two boats — one from the fort 
and one from the Custom-house — and was ordered to remain 
without having any communication with the shore until to¬ 
morrow. Two soldiers were placed on board as a guard. Was 
informed by the boarding officer that the government of 
Brazil was at war with the government of Buenos Ayres. 
Ends with squally weather and showers of rain. 

Wednesday , 29 th March, 1826. — Fresh breezes from the 
S. W., and squally ; lying at anchor waiting for the visiting 
officers ; near noon were visited by three sets of government 
officers, viz., the Custom-house, police, and health officers. The 
last boat gave us permission to proceed up the harbor to the 
Franqua Roads. Beside the two soldiers, a Custom-house offi¬ 
cer has been placed on board. I have permission to land 
and enter the vessel, being obliged to go through all the 
forms of entry of a vessel that comes for the purpose of trade. 
I landed, and found it too late to enter. The Custom-house was 
shut. I applied to the deputy vice-consul, and noted a protest. 

Thursday , 30 th March , 1826. — Pleasant, with gentle breezes 
from the Westward. I landed, and applied to Mr. Samuel 
Clapp for assistance and advice. Entered the vessel at the 
Custom-house, and got permission for caulkers to come off 
and permission to open hatches. I spent the afternoon on 
board attending to jobs about the vessel. Jonas Dennis 
applied to me for his discharge ; was refused. 

March 30. — In regard to the vessel , Mr. Hunnewell wrote (April 10th) 
to Henry Hill, Esq., Treasurer A. B. C. F. M. : “I am extremely sorry 
that our situation made it necessary to stop anywhere this side of the Cape, 
as the season is already too far advanced to have a comfortable time 
’round Cape Horn. Our vessel was in a situation that made it necessary 
to stop somewhere for our safety, as well as comfort, and, after consulting 
with my company, I concluded to stop at this place.” 

After describing the voyage, he continued : “ I have found the Packet 
extremely uncomfortable ; and her accommodations, although large, are 
by no means convenient. Our pumps proved to be good, and they work 


24 


easily. If our pumps hacl been no better than some vessels have (of our 
size) we could not have kept her afloat. ... In the ruddercase I found 
her very open. I put in strips of boards all round the upper part of the 
ruddercase, from one-quarter to three-eighths of an inch thick. Some of 
the seams ’round the stern were very open, and her decks were open ; and 
’round the combings of the trunk I found some of the seams that had been 
entirely neglected — that never had the least grain of oakum in them. I 
applied here to the American Consul, and noted a protest. Mr. Samuel 
Clapp has assisted me in entering and clearing the vessel, getting work¬ 
men, and has advanced all that I wished for to defray the necessary ex¬ 
penses.” “ Mr. Clapp has been very kind to me, and has given in his 
commissions. Condy Raguet, Esq., Consul and American Charge d’Af- 
faires at this place, has given me the amount of the consular fees, — which 
amounted to twenty-three dollars, — wishing to have it applied to the gen¬ 
eral object of the Board (or, as he expressed it, for the benefit of the mis¬ 
sionaries). Captain Howland, of the ship St. Peter, of Boston, has 
assisted me by repairing and altering our sails, free of any expense to the 
vessel. Since I have been here I have had difficulty from a source that I 
did not expect. The men who shipped at Marblehead as first and second 
mates have become very much disaffected, and have been trying to get 
clear of the vessel ever since I have been here, and have put back the 

work, which has helped to detain me here. One of them,-, 

is near-sighted, and was never fit to enter on a voyage of the kind, and I 
should be glad to be rid of him ; I would not give his board for his ser¬ 
vices.” [But see April 7th,— could not find an American in Rio to take 
his place ; and (. Account ), — “ found it impossible to get a white man of 
any nation to join my vessel.”] “ These men are steady, but they have 
neither force nor energy. The only excuse they have, they say they were 

deceived at home by the person who engaged them (W-R-).” 

— Letter to his Brother. 

In regard to himself Mr. Hunnewell wrote to his brother, April 2 : “ I 
have had a disagreeable time since I have been here, and many things to 
try my patience [some of these are mentioned above]. I have broken 
out some of our cargo for the purpose of restowing. I find many of my 
own goods damaged, —some, I think, are ruined. I am satisfied that the 
voyage will be much against my own interest, and if I do not lose any 
more than two years’ time I shall think myself well off. ... I am too 
late in the season to go round the Cape. It will be very uncomfortable. 
I have entered on the voyage, and I must persevere in it to the end, how¬ 
ever ruinous it may be to my interests and comfort. ... It will cost me 
many gray hairs.” 


Friday , 31st March, 1826. — All this day pleasant weather, 
with light airs and calm. The sea breeze set in about noon. 






25 


In the morning broke open the main hatch, and was employed 
all day breaking out such things as were wanted and restowing 
the cargo. In overhauling, found many things damaged by 
leaks. The caulkers did not come off as they agreed to. John 
Roundy and Jonas Dennis applied to me for their discharge. 
They told me they would not leave the harbor in the vessel, 
and if I did not give their discharge, they would take it. 
Jonas Dennis is good for nothing at best times. 

Saturday, ist April, 1826. — All this day pleasant. In the 
morning I went on shore after the caulkers ; could not en¬ 
gage any before Monday. Harry strayed away, and got 
drunk, and detained me three hours. Unbent the mainsail, 
and sent it on board ship St. Peter to be altered and repaired. 
Harry raving like a madman ; was obliged to tie him fast. 

Great preparations making on shore to receive the Emperor 
from Bahia. At 3 p. m. his fleet entered the harbor, and was 
saluted from all the shipping and all the forts. In the evening 
splendid illuminations, guns firing, bells, music, fireworks, etc. 
Jonas Dennis complains of his eyes ; he has got cold by sleep¬ 
ing on deck in his watch, and like carelessness. 

Sunday, 2nd April, 1826.—The day warm, pleasant, and 
clear. On shore and among the shipping, they make this a 
day of festivity. At 11 a. m. the Emperor landed, amidst the 
roar of cannon, the people shouting, bells ringing, music, fire¬ 
works, &c. (A dull and gloomy day to me.) 

The thermometer on shipboard in this harbor for the year 
around ranges from jo° to 95°. Seventy-five days from home. 

Monday, 3 d April, 1826. — Warm, pleasant, and clear. At 
8 a. m. four caulkers came off, and commenced caulking. I 
spent the day on board. It is a holiday at this place, and 
through it we have an almost constant roar of cannon, rockets, 
music, bells, &c. ; in the evening splendid illuminations and 
fireworks. There are now in this harbor two ships of the 
line, eight frigates, and a number of smaller vessels-of-war. 

Tuesday, 4th April, 1826. — All this day warm, pleasant, 
and clear weather; four caulkers at work ; I spent the day 
on board looking after the work. We are again stunned with 


2 6 


the roar of cannon most of the day, bells ringing, rockets, 
music, &c. ; and in the evening the city is again illuminated ; 
splendid fireworks, bells, music, &c. All this for the Emperor’s 
daughter’s birthday (seven years old). I discover to-day a bad 
leak in the rudder-case. I expect this is one of our bad leaks. 

Wednesday, $th April , 1826.—All this day warm and pleas¬ 
ant ; four caulkers at work half the day; I spent all day on 
board looking after the work. Grand saluting again to-day, 
and in the evening splendid fireworks. 

Thursday, 6th April , 1826. — Warm and pleasant; crew at 
work scraping, paying decks, &c.; two men from ship St. 
Peter at work repairing sails. I spent part of the day on 
shore. 

Friday, 7th April\ 1826. — I spent most of the day trying to 
get a man to go with me ; could not find an American in the 
place to go ; engaged a negro. All day warm, pleasant, and 
clear. 

Saturday, Sth April, 1826.—I spent part of the day on 
board ; filled our water; chocked off the main hatchway and 
caulked it down ; the afternoon on shore. All this day mod¬ 
erate, warm, pleasant, and clear. 

Sunday, tyh April, 1826. — All this day warm, pleasant, 
and clear weather. I spent all day on board, reading, writing 
letters, &c. Jonas Dennis wants to get his discharge. He 
complains of his eyesight being bad. I offer to discharge him 
(as he is good for nothing), if he will give up his claims to 
extra pay, which the consul would agree to by my paying him 
one month’s into his hands. Dennis would not give up his 
claims to his two months’ extra, and I would not give it to 
him. 

Monday, 10th April, 1826. — Pleasant. I spent a part of 
the day on shore; settled all my business, and cleared out at 
the Custom House ; bought some vegetables and fruit for sea 
stores;, and took leave of my new acquaintances in this place 
and embarked. 

A boat’s crew from ship St. Peter at work on board part of 
the day. 


2 7 


Tuesday , 11/// April , 1826.— In the morning cloudy, with 
a moderate land breeze ; at 7 a. m. took our anchor and towed 
down the harbor, and anchored near the fort, — a boat from 
which came off with an officer who examined our clearance 
and asked many questions respecting our cargo, where we 
were bound, &c. He would not give us permission to pass 
until I paid him three dollars for the gun which was fired when 
we entered the harbor. This done, the soldiers were taken 
out of our vessel, and he gave me up the clearance, with per¬ 
mission to pass. Took our anchor, and at 9 h. 30 m. a. m. pass 
Fort Santa Cruz. Through the forenoon light, baffling airs 
and calms ; at noon, between Redondo and Fort Santa Cruz, 
calm and pleasant. 

Wednesday, 12 th April, 1826. — Calm and pleasant all the 
first and middle part of this sea day ; the sea very smooth ; 
our vessel drifting in and out with the tide between Round 
Island, Razor Island, and the Sugar Loaf; several vessels in 
sight. Latter part, gentle breeze from E. S. E.; the sea very 
smooth ; the weather foggy. At 9 h. 30 m. a. m. took my de¬ 
parture from Round Island (in lat. 23°05' S., and long. 43°2cy 
W.), it bearing North 10 miles dist. Mercury in the thermom¬ 
eter standing at 88°. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. In. Lat. Obs’d. 

S. 18 0 W. 20 m. 19' 6 7' 43 ° 2 7 / 2 3° 2 4 / 


Thursday, i^th April, 1826.— All this day a steady, gentle 
breeze from East to N. E., with a very smooth sea, and pleas¬ 
ant weather. Mercury at 88° ; steering by compass S. S. W.; 
distance by log 107 miles ; var. 8° E. Mercury stands 88°. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. In. Lat. Obs’d. 

S.S.W.^W. 92 m. rp 47 5 ^ 44°I9'W. 24° 4 i S. 


Friday, 14 th April, 1826. — First part, a gentle breeze from 
E. N. E., with pleasant weather and a smooth sea. Middle 
and latter part, light, baffling airs from N. E. to N. W.; 
squally-looking clouds passing, the intervals clear weather ; 







28 


steering by compass S. S. W.; distance by log 60 miles ; varia¬ 
tion near ^ point Easterly. The mercury stands at 85°. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. In. Lat. Obs’d. 

S.S.W.^W. 76 m. 65' 31 34 ' 44°53 / W. 2 5 °~^S. 

Saturday, 15 th April , 1826.— Begins with a light breeze 
from N. E., and cloudy ; at 2 p. m. took a fresh breeze from 
S. S. E., the sea rising ; 5 p. m., in double-reef mainsail, and 
took the bonnet off the jib and foresail; 8 p. m., head sea, 
handed the m. sail. Latter part, moderating a little; set 
double-reef mainsail; wind S. S. E. Mercury stands 78°. 
88 days out. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. In. Lat. by Obs’n. 

S. W. 61111. 43' 43 48' 45° 4 I / W. 2 6°29'S. 

Sunday , 16 th April, 1826. — First part, strong breeze from 
S. S. E., with a quick head sea, and cloudy. Middle part, the 
wind moderating a little, and hauling to South. Latter part, 
pleasant and clear, the sea gone down ; let out the reefs, and 
made sail. Variation ^ point E. Mercury at 8 a. m. 75 0 ; 
do. at noon 78°. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. In. Lat. by Obs’n. 

S. 69° W. 49 m. 17' 46 51' 46°32 / W. 26°46'S. 

Monday, \Jth April, 1826. — First part, pleasant and clear, 
with a breeze from S. by W. Middle part, moderate breezes 
and pleasant, ex. 2 hours calm, with rain ; at 6 a. m. cloudy ; 
took a light breeze from S. S. E.; at 8 a. m. made the land, 
bearing S. W. to W. S. W. ; at meridian the nearest land 
(island of St. Catharine’s) bore by compass W. S. W., 8 leagues 
dist.; a moderate breeze ; a head sea ; passing clouds ; all sail 
set. 

Dif. Dif. Lat. Long, by 

Course. Dist. Lat. Dep. Long. Long.In. by Obs’n. the Land. 

S-57°W. 47m. 25' 39 44' D.R.47 °i6 / W. 27 < Ti / S. 47°36'W. 

Tuesday, 1 Wi April, 1826. — First part, moderate breezes 
from S. E.; pleasant; passing clouds ; saw a ship to leeward 













29 

at 2 p. m. ; that appeared to be a man-of-war; after getting 
into our wake he hove about, and stood for us, and continued 
the chase until 10 p. m., and could not come up with us ; the 
island of St. Catharine’s in sight, bearing from S. S. W. y 2 YV. 
to N. W. by W. 5 leagues. Middle part, wind at E. S. E. to 
East; moderate sea, and pleasant. Latter part, pleasant, and 
a breeze from E. N. E.; steering S. S. E.; at 10 a. m. saw 
the land, bearing W. N. W. Variation g l /2° E. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. byObs’n. 

S. 4° E. 76 m. 5 5' 47°3I / W. 2 8°i7 / S. 

Wednesday, igth April, 1826. — First part of this day pleas¬ 
ant, with a breeze from E. N. E., and smooth. A part of the 
middle part, baffling winds and squally, with rain, the wind 
veering and hauling from N. E. to E. S. E. ; made and took 
in sail as occasion required. Latter part, pleasant, with a fine 
breeze from E. N. E., and a smooth sea; the mercury up to 
8i°. Variation about io° E. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. byObs'n. 

S.6°E. 129 m. 138' 14 i6 / E. 47°i5 / W. 3o°35 / S. 

Thursday, 20 th April, 1826. —All these twenty-four hours 
a strong breeze from E. N. E., gradually hauling to N. E. 
and N. N. E., with a moderate sea ; all sail set; the weather 
pleasant and clear. Mercury at 79 0 . 93 days out. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. byObs’n. 

Sr 9 ° W. 160 m. 158/ 25 3<y 47 0 45 7 W~33 0 i3 / s7 

Friday, 21 st April, 1826. — The first and middle part of 
this day strong breezes from N. by E., hauling to N. N. W., with 
a following sea ; part of the time pleasant, and a part of the 
time cloudy, hard-looking weather. Latter part, pleasant; 
passing clouds ; the wind moderating, and hauling to W. N. 
W. Ends pleasant ; all drawing sail set. Distance by log 
160 miles. The mercury up to 8i°. Variation 13 0 E. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. by Obs’n. 

S. 22 0 W. 169 m. 157' 63 i°i 6' 49°oi / W. 35° So'S. 













30 


Saturday , 22 nd April, 1826.— First part, pleasant, with a 
breeze from W. to W. S. W. Middle part, cloudy, with some 
rain ; at 8 p. m. took a light breeze from S. E., veering and 
hauling from E. by S. to S. E. by S. Latter part, cloudy ; the 
wind, from E. S. E., gradually increasing to a very strong 
breeze, and the sea making; shook the bonnets off the 
jib and foresail, and took in double-reef mainsail; at noon 
handed the mainsail; an ugly sea on. Mercury down to 73 0 . 
Variation allowed 13^2° E. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. by D. R. 

S. 30° W. 67 m. 58^ 33 4T 49°42 / VV. 3 6 0 4 8 / S. 

Sunday, 23 d April, 1826. — First part, strong [breeze] 
from E. S. E., and cloudy weather, with an ugly sea on ; reefed 
the jib and foresail ; at 5 p. m. handed the jib. Middle part, 
hard gale from S. E., with a heavy sea and rain ; at 10 p. m. 
hove to under reef foresail ; at 7 a. m. was obliged to take in 
the foresail ; rigged a drag with one of the chain cables, a 
boat’s chock, and a plank. All the latter part, very hard gales, 
and severe squalls, with rain which came with great force, 
and a large, quick, combing sea on ; our vessel laying very 
much exposed in the trough of the sea. The sea, almost con¬ 
stantly breaking over us, washed away nearly all our waist 
and quarter boards on the larboard side. Mercury 70°. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. by D. R. 
S. 52 0 W. 60 m. 37' 47 59° 5o°4i / W. 37°25'S. 

April 23. — After leaving Rio, “had comfortable weather until the 23rd 
of April, when, in lat. 37 0 S., we met with hard gales and squally weather, 
so that I was compelled to lay to under bare poles, very much exposed ; 
lost nearly all our quarter boards on the larboard side. The vessel 
strained so much as to renew our leak and necessitate a long spell at the 
pumps every hour. For the better security of our deck-trunk, lashed it 
down as strongly as possible to the scuppers.” — J. H.’s Account. The 
trunk (see Journal, May 2) “is imperfectly secured, and unsafe.” 

Monday, 24 th April, 1826. — Begins with strong gales and 
very severe squalls in quick succession from S. S. E., and a 
very bad sea on ; at 4 p. m. it lulled a little ; set the small 






balance mainsail ; found she made much better weather keep¬ 
ing head to the sea. Middle part, the gale continues fresh, 
with hard squalls and rain. Latter part, the wind from the 
South ; the gale moderated, and it cleared off pleasant; but 
the sea keeps up. 

During the late gale our little bark labored so hard and 
strained so much that she leaked badly, making a spell every 
hour. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. byD. R. 
N. 33 0 W. 28 m. 23' 15 19' 5i°oo / W. 37 0 02' 


Tuesday , 25/// April, 1826. — Begins with moderate gales 
from the South and a large sea; the weather pleasant; at 2 
p. m. got the drag in and made sail ; found the chain much 
strained and twisted. Latter part, pleasant weather, inter¬ 
rupted by a few light showers of rain from South to S. S. W. ; 
saw a vessel standing on a wind to the S. E. Mercury down 
to 67°. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. by Obs’n. 
S. 68° W. 28 m. I o' 26 33' 5i°33 / W. 37°i2'S. 


Wednesday , 2 6th April, 1826. — All these twenty-four hours 
light, baffling winds from S. S. W. to S. S. E. First and lat¬ 
ter parts, fine, pleasant weather. Middle part, rainy weather ; 
a large, irregular swell; let out all reefs, and made all sail. 
Variation near l 1 /^ pts. E. Mercury, air at sunrise, 57° ; air 
at noon, 68° ; water, 63°. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. by Obs’n. 

S. 54° E. 44 m. 26' 35 44' 5 °° 49 ' W. 37° 3 &' S. 


Thursday , 27th April, 1826. — First part, fine, pleasant 
weather, with light baffling breezes from South, hauling to 
West. Large swell from South. At 2 p. m. took a breeze 
from W. N. W., hauling to N. W., and continues all the re¬ 
mainder of the day, with fine, pleasant weather and passing 
clouds. A quick sea on. At noon, the wind increasing, in 










double-reef mainsail, and shook the bonnets off the jib and 
foresail. 

Dif. Dif. ioo days 

Course. Dist. Lat. Dep. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. by Obs’n. from Boston. 

S. 2o^°W. 68 m. 64 24 31' 5i°2o / W. 38°42'S. 

Friday , 2%th April , 1826. — First part, strong breezes from 
N. W. and cloudy weather. Handed the mainsail, took the 
cooking-stove below. At 6 p. m. handed the jib and reefed 
the foresail. Middle part, fresh gales from N. W., wind haul¬ 
ing to West, with rain, and a large quick sea running. Latter 
part, pleasant, a fresh gale from S. W. by S. and a sharp sea. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. by Obs’n. 
S. 24 0 W. 52 m. 47' 21 27' 5i°47'W. 39 0 29'S. 

Saturday , 29 th April. , 1826.—First part, moderate gales, 
and baffling from S. S. W. to S. S. E., and a large sea from 
S. W. At 4 p. m. made sail. Middle part, moderate, and at 
midnight took a breeze from West, hauling to W. N. W. 
Latter part, a fresh breeze from N. W. by W. ; steering S. 
S. W. A large head sea. Passing clouds, the sun out at 
intervals. Variation, 16 0 East. Mercury at sunrise : open air 
54°; water, 63°. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. In. D. R. Lat. Obs’d. 

S. 32 0 w. 52 m. 44' 27 35' 52°22 / YV. 40°I3 / S. 

Sunday , 30 th April , 1826.—Begins with fresh breezes 
from W. N. W. and rainy weather. At 8 p. m. took a bal¬ 
ance in the mainsail and reefed the foresail and jib. Mid¬ 
dle part, strong breezes in flaws, the weather cloudy, wind 
hauling to S. W. Latter part, pleasant, passing clouds, the 
wind hauling to S. S. E., the sea considerably gone down. 
Made sail and tacked ship to the S. W. The mercury at 
sunrise: water, 63° ; open air, 54 0 . 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. by Obs’n. 

S. i6°W. 76 m. 73' 20 27' 52°49 / W. 4i°26 / S. 


Monday , 1 st May, 1826. — All this day, light baffling breezes 
from S. E. to S. W., with pleasant weather and passing 










clouds; a swell from S. W. At intervals entirely calm. Re¬ 
stowed our boat and secured her with additional lashings and 
other preparations for Cape Horn. 

Dif. Dif. Lat. Long. 

Course. Dist. Lat. Dep. Long. Long. D. R. by Obs’n. by Obs’n. 

S. 35 ° W. 26 m. 21' 15 20 ' 53°o 9 / W. 4i°47 / S. 5i°29 / \V. 

Tuesday , 2 d May , 1826. — First part, calm and pleasant, 
with a smooth sea. We are employed reeving new rigging, 
and shifting other end for end, and lashing down the trunk, 
which is imperfectly secured, and unsafe. At 6 p. m. took a 
breeze from the northward. Middle part, fresh breezes from 
North to N. N. W. and smooth. Hazy weather. Latter part, 
fresh breezes from N. N. W. and a moderate sea; the weather 
cloudy and hazy. All sail set. No observation. The mercury 
at sunrise: in open air, 57 0 ; water alongside, 52 0 . 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D.R. Lat. D.R. Long. In. 

S.49°W. 104 m. 68' 79 1 ° 47 ' W. 5 4 ° 56 / W. 4 2 ° 55 / S. 53 °^- 

Wednesday , 3 d May, 1826. — First part, strong breezes 
from N. W. by N. with thick, cloudy weather, and smooth, 
with fine rain — the wind hauling to N. W. by W. At 8 p. m. 
took in the square sail. Middle part, the wind from W. by 
N., with fine rain. Latter part, thick, foggy weather, and a 
fine breeze from W. N. W., the sea smooth. At sunrise, the 
mercury in open air stands at 57 0 ; water alongside, 55 0 . 

Dif. Long. 

Course. Dist. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D.R. Lat. D.R. from Obs’n. 

S.W.J 4 W. 125 m. 79' 97 2°i6'W. 57°i2 / W. 44°i2 / S. 55°32'W. 

107 days from Boston Variation, i } 2 pt. E. 

Thursday , 4 th May , 1826. — All these twenty-four hours, 
thick, cloudy weather; a part of the time rainy, and spells of 
thick fog ; the wind from N. W. by N. and strong breezes, 
with intervals of moderate breezes. Made and took in sail 
as occasion required. Variation, 1 ]/ 2 pt. Easterly. The mer¬ 
cury at sunrise: open air, 54 0 ; water, 53^2°. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. D. R. Long. In. 

S.W.^W. 127 m. 8i' 2°I9 / 59°3i'W. 45 ° 33 'S. 57 ° 5 2 ' w - 























34 


Friday, ^th May, 1826. — All this day, fresh breezes from 
W. N. W. to S. W. by W. A part of the time thick, cloudy 
weather, with fine rain ; short intervals of moderate breezes. 
Most of the middle part pleasant starlight. Ends with pass¬ 
ing clouds, the sun out at intervals. The Lat. by D. R. comes 
out within 12 miles of the obsn. for four days past. Varia¬ 
tion, 19 0 E. The mercury at sunrise : open air, 47 0 ; water, 
49 0 . 

Dif. Dif. Long. In. from 

Course. Dist. Lat. Dep. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. Obs'd. last Obs’n. 

S. 42 0 W. iiom. 82'[?] 73 106 ' W. 47°o7 S. 59°38 W. 

Saturday, 6th May, 1826. — First part, fresh breezes, from 
S. W. to W. S. W., a large sea and cloudy. Middle part, the 
wind from W. S. W. to S. by W., part of the time pleasant, and 
a part of the time a fine rain or thick mist. At 4 a. m. tacked 
to S. W. Latter part, the breeze moderating, and hauling to 
S. E. Pleasant weather. The mercury at sunrise : in open 
air at 45° ; in the water, 44 0 . 

Dif. Dif. Long. In. from 

Course. Dist. Lat. Dep. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. Obs’d. last Obs’n. 

S. 31 0 W. 37 m. 32' 19 28' 6 i°45'W. 47°39'S. 6o°o5'YV. 

Sunday, Jth May, 1826.— First part, calm, pleasant weather, 
and a large swell from S. W. At 6 p. m. took a breeze from 
N. W., gradually increasing to a strong breeze, and hauling to 
N. N. W. with thick, hazy weather. At 4 a. m. reefed the 
sails — the sea rising and the breeze strong. The latter part 
is cloudy, but ends pleasant and hazy. Variation, 1 ^ pts. 
Easterly. Mercury at sunrise : air, 47 1 / 2 0 ; water, 47 0 . 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. Obs’d. Long. In. 

S.55°\V. 96 m. 55 / 79 i°58 / 63^ W. 4 8°33 / S. 62°o3'W. 

Monday, 8th May, 1826. — First part, pleasant, and a fine 
breeze from N. W. by N., but rough. Middle, pleasant, the 
wind hauling from N. West to West, the breeze moderate. 
At 6 a. m. made all sail. Latter part, the breeze became 
strong from N. W. At 11 a. m. took in the square sail and 










35 


handed it, and in the act of bringing it aft the vessel rolled, 
and the square sail went overboard. Mr.. Roundy had hold 
of it, and held on, and went with it overboard. The wind at 
this time was strong, and vessel going seven knots. All 
hands were on deck. Hauled down the mainsail and wore 
ship and tried to fetch him, but could not. The sail and spar 
kept him up in sight. The boat was cut away, launched, and 
manned as soon as possible, but he had been in the water over 
half an hour before the boat got to him. He was nearly 
chilled through. It being rough, the square sail was aban¬ 
doned, and I considered it an interposition of Providence that 
Mr. R. was again restored to us alive. The boat was with 
difficulty got on board without much injury. The square 
sail and yard were lost. 

Course. Dist. Dil. Lat. Dep. Dif. Lon?. Long. D.R. Lat. D.R. Long. In. 
S. 49° W. 108 m. 70' 82 2°o5' 65°48'W. 49°43'S. 64°o8'\V. 

Mercury : Evening, air, 47 0 ; water, 47°; Morning, air, 48°; water, 4S 0 . 

May 8 . — Manned our only boat with the two Sandwich-Islanders and 
the black man, giving them directions to pull to windward for Mr. R., 
leaving only the near-sighted man on board with me. It was blowing hard, 
with a rough sea, and it was a very perilous time for us all, and one of 
“ intense anxiety.” — J. H.'s Account. 

While the only boat was thus absent, and Mr. Hunnewell was left in 
the vessel, with only one man (and that one notable-bodied), in this lonely 
and stormy ocean, he was lashed to the standing rigging, and endeavor¬ 
ing to give the rowers directions that, for a time, they did not compre¬ 
hend or follow. The contingencies of the situation were indeed full of 
extreme danger. — J. H.'s Relation to the Writer. 

“ The gale increased [afterwards] and the sea became very rough, 
every sea making a breach over us ; lay to the remainder of the night 
under balance-reef mainsail.” — J. H.'s Account. 

Tuesday , 9 tJi May , 1826. — Begins with strong breezes 
from W. N. W. Laying with our head to the northward, 
took the boat in. At 1 p. m. wore ship to the South — the 
wind increasing to a hard gale and hauling to West, with 
a large sea. Scudding under the foresail while we secure the 
boat, etc. In the confusion Harry and Lewis stole rum and 
got drunk, and George was not sober. Through the middle 





36 


part, hard gales and an ugly sea running. At io p. m. took 
in the foresail and lay to ahull. Latter part, the gale mod¬ 
erating, but the sea keeps up. At 8 a. m. set the balance- 
reef mainsail and wore ship to N. W. Ends pleasant. No 
observation. 

Long, last Lat. by 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D.R. Obs’n. Obs’n. D.R. 

South 39 m. 39' 00 oo' 65°48 / W. 64°o8'W. 5o°22 / S. 

Wednesday , 10/// May , 1826. — Begins with a strong breeze 
from W. S. W. and a large sea. At 5 p. m. the sea gone 
down, wore ship to the South and made sail. Through the 
middle part, pleasant, with gentle breezes hauling to N. N. W., 
all sail set. Latter part, fresh breezes, with a moderate sea 
and pleasant weather. The mercury at sunrise: in open air, 
47 0 ; in the water, 47^°. 

Long, by Lat. 

Course. Dist. Dif.Lat. Dep. Dif.Long. Long. D. R. last Obs’n. by Obs’n. 

S.39°W. 81 m. 63' 51 i°2i' 6 fo 9 '\V. 65°2 9 'W. 5i°2s'S. 

Thursday, 11 th May , 1826. — First part, fresh breezes from 
N. W., with pleasant weather. Middle part, moderate and 
pleasant, the wind hauling to W. S. W. Latter part, we have 
a breeze from West and a smooth sea. Ends pleasant; pass¬ 
ing clouds ; all sail set. Variation, 2 pts. E. The mercury: 
open air, sunrise, 45 0 , noon, 47 0 ; the water, 45 i/£°. 

Long. Lat. 

Course. Dist. Dif.Lat. Dep. Dif.Long. Long. D.R. last Obs’n. by Obs’n. 

S.2I°W. 113 m. 106' 40 i°o& 68°i 5 / W. 66°35 / W. 53°ii / S. 

Friday, 12 th May , 1826.—First part, fresh breezes from 
W. N. W., and cloudy weather. Middle part, fresh gales from 
West to W. N. W., and thick weather. At 8 p. m. lay to. At 
4 a. m., moderating, made all sail. Latter part, very light 
breezes from West, a smooth sea, and pleasant. Mercury: 
air, 44 %°; water, 45 l / 2 °. 

Long. D. R. from 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. St. Catharine’s. Lat. by Obs’n. 


S. 9° W. 44 m. 43' 


7 


68°27'W. 


53 ° 54 ' S. 
















37 


Saturday, 13th May, 1826. — First part, light breezes from 
West ; smooth and pleasant. At 2 h. 18 m. 32 sec. p. m., 
longitude deduced from lunar observation © and I> was 
64 32' West. At 4 p. m. saw the land (Staten Land) bearing 
by compass S. S. E. to S. by W., 10 leagues’ distance. Middle 
part, light airs and calm until 3 a. m., when we took a breeze 
from the eastward which hauled to N. N. E. The wind 
hauled in a short time to S. E. and looked squally, with some 
rain. At 8 a. m. saw Staten Land, western part bearing S. 
by W., and the Eastern part of Terra del Fuego, all the high 
land covered with snow. Through the forenoon cloudy; the 
sun in sight at intervals. The wind continues from the east¬ 
ern board, but light and baffling ; the sea remarkably smooth. 
Squally-looking clouds all around. Continue standing in 
South by West. It was near noon before I could see through 
the straits. At meridian, near the middle of the Straits of 
Le Maire. I find my observation yesterday comes out very 
nearly as the land is laid in the Navigator. Western part of 
Staten Land bore by compass S. E. by S.; North part T. del 
Fuego bore S. W. by W. The mercury at sunrise: air, 40° ; 
water, 46° ; sunset: air, 46°, water, 46°. 

Dif. Dif. Long. In. by Acc’t Long. In. this 

Course. Dist. Lat. Dep. Long, from St. Catherine’s. Day’s by Obs'n. Lat. by Obs’n. 

S. 2 3 °W. 48 m. 42' 19' 32' 68°5 9 ' W. 65 c oo' W. 54° 3 6' S. 


Sunday, 14th May, 1826. — Begins with light, baffling breezes 
from the Southward ; the sea very smooth ; heavy black clouds 
in the S. W. and S. E.; clear overhead ; the current setting 
through the Straits of Le Maire strongly from N. N. E. At 
midnight took a breeze from N. W. by W., which increased 
during the latter part of the day to a fresh gale with a quick 
sea, the sun in sight through the thin clouds. Mr. Dennis 
below ; he complains of his eyes, and is afraid he will get cold 
if he stands watch. 


Evouts Island j 

l 66 47' W. 

Bore by compass West, 7 leagues. 


Lat by Obs’n. Long. In. 

55° 4 i'S. 66°c>7' VV. 







38 


Monday , 15 th May , 1826. — Begins with a fresh gale, in 
flaws from W. N. W., and a quick sea. Handed the mainsail 
and jib, and reefed the foresail. At 4 p. m. the wind W. S. W.; 
set the reef jib and balance-reef mainsail. 8 p. m., hard squalls, 
with hail and snow ; handed the foresail. At 2 a. m. hard 
gales, with frequent heavy squalls from W. S. W., with hail and 
snow and a heavy sea. Handed the jib, and hove to under 
balance mainsail. Latter part, continues hard gales, with fre¬ 
quent severe squalls from S. W. by S., with hail and snow. 
The mercury at noon, in open air, 38''’. 

Lat. by D. R. Lat. by Obs’n. Long. In. 

55 °5S / S. 55 ° 33 ' 66°oo' 


Tuesday , 1 6th May, 1826. — Begins with strong gales and 
hard squalls from S. W. by S., with snow and hail ; laying to 
under the small balance-reef mainsail. At 2 p. m. wore ship to 
the Westward. At 8 p. m. moderating, and the sea considerably 
gone down, set the reef foresail and reef jib. The remainder 
of the middle part, light, baffling breezes, with snow and rain. 
Latter part, at 8 a. m., took a strong breeze from S. W. by S.; 
same time made the coast of Terra del Fuego, bearing by 
compass from N. W. by N. to N. by E. Every spot of land 
appears to be completely covered with snow ; it looks dreary 
and inhospitable. Latter part, frequent fresh squalls, with 
hail and snow, and the weather looking very hard. Scudded 
away E. S. E. to East to get an offing from the land. 10 a. m., 
hauled up S. E. by S. under small balance-reef mainsail and 
jib. S. E. part of Terra del Fuego bore North. I find we 
have had a current setting us to the North-eastward. 

Eastern part of Terra del Fuego. Lat. D. R. Long. In. 

Bore by compass N. % W. 8 leagues dist. 


Wednesday, I’jth May, 1826. —This day begins with thick 
weather and squalls of rain from S. S. W. Land in sight 
bearing by compass N. by W. to N. W. Between squalls, 
light, baffling airs and calms until 9 p. m., when we took a 






39 


breeze from S. E., with rain. At 2 a. m. the wind hauled 
to S. W., and, moderating, tacked to the S. E.ward, and it 
died away calm. At 8 a. m. saw Staten Land, the western 
part bearing N. by E. y z E. At 10 a. m. took a breeze from 
North, it clearing up over the land. Saw the coast of Terra 
del Fuego bearing North to N. W. by N. ; the nearest part 
four leagues distant. All the land covered with snow. At 
noon, the coast in sight bearing N. to N. W., the island in 
sight bearing West six or seven leagues distant. Ends strong 
breezes, and cloudy. 

Lat. In. Long. 

55°2 9 ' S. 66°oo' W. 


Thursday , 1 Zth May , 1826. — Begins with strong breezes 
from N. N. W., with some rain. Steering S. by W. ]/ 2 W. 
under reef foresail and reef jib. 5 p. m., saw land bearing West. 
Evouts Island in sight, bearing N. W. eight leagues’ distance. 
At 7 p. m. the wind hauled to West in a fresh squall. Handed 
the foresail and scudded to the Eastward under reef jib until 
10 p. m., when sea became so high as to break all over us. 
Finding it dangerous running, hove to under small balance 
mainsail. Hard gales from S. W. to W., and very severe 
squalls with rain. At 3 a. m. handed the mainsail and lay to 
ahull. Very severe squalls in quick succession, and a heavy, 
irregular sea. Latter part moderating, and the sea going 
down ; the sun out at intervals. Two of our number off duty. 
Cape Horn fever contagious. 

Lat. D. R. Lat. Obs’d. Long. 

56°o3 / S. 55 ° 49 ' S. 66°oo' W. 


Friday , 19 th May , 1826. —All this day, fresh gales, veer¬ 
ing and hauling from S. S. W. to N. W„ with very heavy 
squalls, accompanied by hail, snow, or rain. First and latter 
part laying to ahull, the wind during the squalls blowing so 
hard as to take tops off the sea. The surface of the sea a 
compact white foam, which prevented the sea rising. Middle 








40 


part it moderated. Set the balance mainsail, and was soon 
obliged to take it in again. We lay very much exposed in the 
trough of the sea ; lost part of the larboard waist-boards. 

Lat. D. R. Long. 

55 ° 49 ' S. 65°33'W. 


Saturday, 20th May, 1826. —All this day fresh gales South 
to W. S. W., with frequent hard squalls, accompanied with 
hail a..d snow, and a very heavy sea running. A part of the 
day laying to ahull ; the remainder of the day under the small 
balance-reef mainsail. Mercury : in the air, 36°; water, 40°. 

Drift. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. In. Lat. by D. R. 

S. 26° E. 23 m. Ii' 20 35' 64°58'W. 55 ° 45 ' s - 


Sunday, 2\stMay , 1826. — First part, fresh gales from South 
to W. S. W., and squally, with a large sea. Laying to under 
small balance-reef mainsail. Middle part, moderating, set the 
reef jib; wind S. W., and a large sea. The wind hauling to 
West, at 7 a. m. set reef foresail. The wind hauling at 9 a. m. 
N. W., bringing a thick snow-storm ; the breeze moderate, 
but the swell keeps up from S. W. very large. Mercury, 34 0 . 

Lat. D. R. Long. In. 

55 ° 45 ' S- 6 4 ° 4 2 / W. 


Monday, 22d May, 1826. — First part, a fresh breeze from 
North, and a thick fall of snow; a long swell from S. W. ; 
the wind gradually hauling to the Westward, thence back to 
S. W., with fresh squalls of hail and rain. At 6 p. m., the wind, 
S. W. by S., cleared away pleasant, and moderated down to a 
light breeze. At midnight took a fresh breeze from West, 
hauling to N. W. and increasing to a fresh gale, and (hauling 
to S. W.) with frequent hard squalls, accompanied with rain 
and hail and a heavy sea, which obliged us again to lay to 
under our small balance-reef mainsail all the remainder of the 











41 


day. Wind S. W. ; continues a fresh gale and hard squalls, 
with hail. At noon, the sun out at intervals between squalls, 
Variation, 2 y x points Easterly. The mercury in open air 
down to 34 0 . 126 days from Boston. 

Lat. by Observation. Long. In. 

S 6 0 i 4 'S. 6 4 ° 39 / W. 


Tuesday , 23 d May, 1826. — This day begins with fresh gales 
from S. W. by S., with frequent heavy squalls, with snow and 
hail and a large sea. Laying to under the small balance main¬ 
sail. After mature deliberation and consultation, I find we 
are losing ground instead of gaining. Our sails have suffered 
by the hard weather we have had, and our mainsail cannot 
stand many more blows, and it is impossible to get any of our 
new sails without breaking open the main hold, which would 
be more than I dare to do at sea, — it would be unsafe. Two 
of our number are unable and unfit for duty, and we are all 
almost constantly wet below as well as on deck, and much 
exposed. To attempt to buffet the severe weather of Cape 
Horn any longer in our little bark, with no better prospect, 
would be foolhardiness. It seems to me like warring against 
the elements, and bidding defiance to the Almighty. I con¬ 
cluded (and I felt it my painful duty, for the preservation of 
our lives and the property entrusted to my care) to bear away 
and scud to the Northward while we could, and attempt a 
passage through the Straits of Magellan. At 1 p. m. took in 
balance mainsail, and bore away under the reef jib, and steered 
N. N. E.; set reef foresail. At 9 p. m strong gales ; handed 
the foresail, and continued to scud under the reef jib. 10 p. m., 
violent squalls from South, with hail and snow, and the sea so 
high as to make it dangerous scudding. Hove to under 
balance mainsail ; found the squalls too heavy for us ; handed 
the mainsail and lay to ahull, u p. m. a sea struck us, and 
threw us nearly on our beam-ends. She righted slowly, with 
the loss of only the starboard waist-boards and a few light 
things off deck. At 9 a. m. set reef jib, and scudded away 






42 


N. N. E ; set reef foresail. Wind from South, with hard 
squalls of hail and a large sea. 

Dif. Dif. Mercury. 

Course. Dist. Lat. Dep. Long. Long. In. Lat. Obs’d. Air. Water. 

N-37°E. 77m. 6i' 46 i°22 / E. 63°i 7 / W. 55°i3 / S. 33 / 4 ° 4 °° 


May 23. — In regard to the attempt to double Cape Horn, Mr. Hunne- 
well stated that as, on former voyages, he had seen some mild weather 
off the Cape, and as the Southern winter was far advanced and the nights 
were very long, dark, and cold, and as he had no maps, charts, or sailing 
directions for the Straits of Magellan (“ it was impossible to obtain any 
in Boston before sailing ”), and had only a Coast Pilot that was of little 
use, he decided to try the open sea rather than the intricacies of the 
Straits. After enduring terrible weather he was, however, obliged, May 
23d, for reasons given in the Journal, to turn back and bear away for 
the Straits, “ convinced that if we remained much longer in that latitude 
our friends at home would never know how far we did go.” After turn¬ 
ing, they encountered severe gales, “the sea making a complete breach 
over us, and twice nearly throwing us on our beam ends, so that the wa¬ 
ter poured down the companion-way. Lost all the remaining bulwarks. 
Comfort was out of the question.’’ — J. H.'s Account. 

Wednesday, 24th May, 1826. — First part, fresh gales from 
S. by W., with frequent squalls of hail ; the wind moderating 
and the sea going down. 8 p. m. the wind S. W.; set the 
balance mainsail. Middle part, strong breezes and squally- 
looking weather, with some rain ; made and took in sail as 
occasion required. At 8 a. m. the water of a pale green, like 
shoal water. Latter part, cloudy ; the sun out near noon ; 
wind S. W. by W. The mercury at sunrise: in open air, 42 0 ; 
water, 43°. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long, by D. R. Lat. byObs’n. 

s. 6° E. 78^ 7? ^ I 4 7 6 3 °o 3 ' W. 53°56' S. 


TJmrsday, 25 th May, 1826. — First part of the day, strong 
breezes from S. W., a rough sea, and cloudy. Middle part, 
moderating, the wind hauling to West; continues cloudy; 
the sea gone down. Made sail at 8 a. m. ; wind N. W., tacked 
to W. S. W. Latter part cloudy, and fine rain ; the wind 
from N. W. I am trying to get to the Westward to enter the 






43 


Straits of Magellan. The mercury at sunrise : air, 43 0 ; 
water, 44 0 . 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. by D. R. 

N. 28° W. 45 m. 4c/ 21 36'W. 63°39'W. 53°i4 / S. 

Friday, 26th May , 1826. — First part, cloudy, with a fresh 
breeze from N. N. W. to West, hauling to the Southward. 
Through the middle part, strong breezes from S. by E. and 
squally, with rain and a large, quick sea; running under the 
jib and balance-reef mainsail. Latter part, continues the same 
very rough weather; passed large bodies of drift kelp. Ends 
cloudy. The mercury in open air stands at 42 0 , in the water 
44 0 . I allow 2 pts. Easterly variation. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. D. R. 
N. 83° W. 78 m. 9' 77 2°o 9 'W. 65°48'W. 53°o5 / S. 

Satur'day, 27th May, 1826.— First part, strong breezes from 
S. by E., with a large, irregular sea from S. W., and cloudy 
weather. Middle part, moderate, and baffling winds from 
S. W. to West, with hazy weather and a swell from S. W. ; 
sounded three times, found no bottom. Latter part, very light 
airs from S. S. W., and pleasant weather ; a smooth sea. At 
10 h. o m. 16 sec., longitude in. deduced from an observation 
of © and J) N. L., was 64°35' W., which differs over two 
degrees from my longitude by D. R. We must have a strong 
current setting E. The mercury in thermometer at sunrise: 
in open air, 43 0 ; in the water, 44*4°. 

Long, by D. R. Long, from Obs’n. Lat. by Obs’n. 

66°47 / W. 6 4 ° 3 6 / 52°i6 / S. 

131 days from Boston. 

Sunday, 28th May, 1826.— Begins with calm, pleasant 
weather. At 4 p. m. took a breeze from N. W. by N., which 
increased and continued very strong all the remainder of the 
day, with cloudy weather and a short, quick sea. Sounded at 
midnight and at 4 a. m. ; found no bottom with sixty-five 
fathoms’ line. Most of the day running under double-reef 













44 


mainsail and jib. At 8 a. m. the mercury in the air, 44 0 ; 
water, 45 °. 

Dif. Dif. 

Course. Dist. Lat. Dep. Long. Long. D. R. Long. In. Lat. D. R. 

West. 55 m. o' 55 i°2g' 68°i6'W. 66°o4 / W. 52°i5'S. 

Monday , 29 th May , 1826. — All these twenty-four hours 
baffling winds from N. W., West, and South. A part of the 
time strong breezes, with a large, quick sea. Intervals of 
moderate weather, and, as it moderates, the sea goes down. 
Most of the time cloudy weather; short spells of clear weather. 
Sounded every four hours ; find no bottom with sixty fathoms’ 
line. We must have a strong current setting us to the East¬ 
ward, — nearly a degree a day. At noon a sloop in sight. 
The mercury at sunrise : air, 39 0 ; water, 45°. 

Lat. by Obs’n. Long. D. R. Long. In. 

52°i8 / S. 6 9 ° 4 4 / W. 6 4 °2o / W. 

Tuesday , 30 th May , 1826.—Begins with a fresh breeze 
from West, hauling to N. W. At noon spoke the Scotch sloop 
“ Dart,” of Greenock, Duncan, master ; one day out of the 
Straits of Magellan, bound to the Falkland Islands. He 
represents the Straits as difficult and dangerous at this season. 
I want to get information from him respecting the Straits. 
We must make a harbor somewhere soon, or we shall be in 
distress for wood and water. At 1 p. m. I concluded to accom¬ 
pany the sloop to the Falkland Islands. Bore away, and 
followed the sloop, steering N. E. by E. ]/ x E., the wind in¬ 
creasing to a fresh gale, with a large, quick, and cross sea, 
which continued all the remainder of the day. We ran a part 
of the time under reef foresail, and a part of the time under 
reef jib, and find it extremely uncomfortable. We have to 
run half of the time under water to keep up with the sloop, 
the sea making frequent breaches all over us. Ends fresh 
gales, and pleasant, but hazy. Wind N. W. by W. 

Course. Dist. Dif. Lat. Dep. Dif. Long. Long. D. R. Long. In. Lat. Obs’d. 

123 2°20 / 


N.83°E. 124 m. 15' 


62°oo / 52°o3' 











45 


May 30. — After severe trials and earnest efforts, continued until the 
30th of May, he spoke the “ Dart ” (on a sealing voyage). “ The condi¬ 
tion of my crew [two or more unable], my vessel, her sails, and the ne¬ 
cessity ” described in the Journal, decided him to accompany the “ Dart ” 
to the Falkland Islands and await longer days. There a secure and 
much-needed harbor was found. 

Wednesday , 31st May, 1826. — Begins with strong breeze 
from N. W. by W., with a large, ugly sea on ; hazy weather; 
in company with sloop “ Dart.” At 1 p. m. made the land 
(Falkland Islands), Cape Percival bearing by compass North 
five leagues distant ; hove to, and bent both our chains, and 
got the anchors on the bow. A very bad sea on ; shipped 
several seas that stove in our quarter-boards, knocked away 
our binnacle, etc. At 4 p. m. Cape Percival bore N. by E. ; 
wore ship to S. W. and stood off under reef foresail until 
3 a. m.; wore ship to the N’d. At daylight, moderating, made 
sail, the land in sight bearing North to East, the wind W. by N.; 
running in for Cape Percival in company with the “Dart;” 
the wind strong, with a large sea; hazy, but pleasant over¬ 
head. At meridian, Cape Percival bore by compass N. N. W. 
two leagues distant; 2 pts. variation. No observation. 

Lat. Long. 

Cape P., 51 ° 4 ^ 7 / South. 6 i°iT West. 

Thursday , 1 st June, 1826. — Sea day. — Pleasant weather, 
with a fine breeze from N. W. Close in with the land, 
following the sloop “ Dart ” into a harbor ; courses up, Cape 
Percival bearing North three miles. Steered E. S. E.; brought 
the starboard bluff to bear S. E. Steered East, then N. E. by 
N. and E. N. E., etc., by the land. At 3 p. m. anchored in a 
deep harbor, well sheltered from all winds, in nine fathoms 
water, muddy bottom, near the sloop “ Dart.” The place is 
called Roberson's Bay, in Swan Island (one of the Falkland 
Isles). Through the night, moderate and smooth. 

Thursday, \stjune , 1826. — Civil account. — Pleasant, with 
a breeze from N. W. In the morning was boarded by Cap’t 
Cutler, of schooner “ Eliza Ann,” and Cap’t Pendleton, of 




46 


schr. “ Penguin,” both belonging to Stonington, Conn., on 
sealing voyages, their vessels lying in a neighboring harbor. 
They advised me to get under way, and go around to the other 
harbor, which is better, and has advantages over this. At 
noon got under way in company with the sloop “ Dart,” the 
two captains as pilots. At 3 p. m. anchored in Fish Bay 
(Beaver Island), near the schrs. “ Eliza Ann ” and “ Penguin,” 
and the “ Dart,” about two cables’ length from the shore, in 
seven fathoms water. The harbor is good and spacious, com¬ 
pletely sheltered from all winds ; good holding ground. 
Plenty of good water is found on any of the islands. We find 
no other fish here than mussels ; they are large, plenty, and 
good. We find here plenty of good peat, which is good fuel, 
and an excellent substitute for wood, none of which of any 
kind growing here. We have picked up a good supply of 
driftwood on the western shore (this wood comes from the 
main). There are plenty of wild-fowl here,—geese, ducks, 
rooks, shags, etc., — and they are easily taken. I can in one 
day get game enough to last all hands a week or ten days. 

Remained at Fish Bay, Beaver Island, near Cape Percival, 
in lat. 52° South and long. 6i° West, until the 13th July, sea 
account. 

The schooner “Eliza Ann,” Capt. Pendleton, of Stonington, 
returned to our harbor bound into the Straits of Magellan, 
and I decided to accompany him to the Straits. At the same 
time arrived in our harbor the Am. schooner “ Washington,” 
Captain Percival, on a sealing voyage, bound to Valparaiso, 
having on board my friend Capt. Duncan, of the cutter “Dart,” 
and some of his crew. By Capt. Duncan and Mr. H. G. 
Smith I was informed of the disaster to the “ Dart.” Induced 
Mr. Smith to join the “ Packet,” with the hope that he would 
be of use to me navigating through the Straits of Magellan. 
He was of some use; but I did not find him so well acquainted 
as I had expected from the fact that he had been in the 
Straits. 

July 13-— “ Captain Duncan, of the * Dart,’ was not satisfied with this 
harbor [Fish Bay], and urged me very strongly to accompany him to a 



West Longitude 


from London 


IOC 


Hawkins Maiden Land 

discover'd hy SC John Ha nkins iniggg 
ifienrards FALKL ANJ) S I? 'ts and , 

\Iflcs Alalouines.\ ,3 ' 


Dehjado. 


\av din-salida 


the Scbaldinclfl.es 

dir,wir'd inisgB ty / \ w td 
deb old dr Weert ! *i>* * 
ncir ‘A/JlJ 

AaronsIslands 


j3 - £ape 1) olphin 


lore of Innocehts S' 


Carvsfort 


.QFear weather 


Y rrkUy Sound 




dT futh erv irfsWcap, 

T I , 4 if 00 * ' 


the lord’ Island. \Yf' 

'ircovera bvdarmieiu, 

5.^1 


Wolf Rock 


C? An leans I\ 

> discover 'd in 1 


v^C ape Virgins 

TRAITS FF MAGAJ,HARMS 

|g^*6wwi<w/p MACH LLAST 

- C .delNonifrc-dc Jesus -* 


Barr/iffor, lf . h 

^\S*Irabef<> 


55 ^ If Echos 

‘ - 

the Four Evangelists 


3 eauehene -Guvcnsl 


C .. fdebar tom 


mouth 


theTwelveApostles 


'essem 


"libores Choiuv 


f Reach 


fhffrrrat* 


''fffhfcrynouth. 


- - »TA Martins Id 

tht’Rlaflf Cape 


Ftdcano 


C. SI John 


Irles dinwerd 


the . CugarZ /e^z/ 1 . 


C.d' tromalo ■' Rarehc/ome*' 
Bav or" Good Success 


t vDirac Riimire. 


Chart 


dr Vi’ivl 


Falfe OapeHorrtW 

ESI Ildefbn.ro 


Ewcutsl. 

I Parnevelt 


(ape Horn 


cz> . 

Diego Ramiro 


Falkland's Islands 


1 

— se" iyi\ 

s ' //! / 

s*' s' / / ' 1 

1 

s' / / / / 

1 

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1 ^ - 

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r- 5 ' 

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« 






























































































































47 


neighboring island, a day’s sail from this, which he represented as a much 
better harbor, and where he was very well acquainted. Though I felt 
under obligations to him for leading me into a safe harbor in that dreary 
climate, I very providentially decided not to leave with him ; and told 
him that after being so long at sea, and some of the time doubtful whether 
I should ever reach a safe harbor, I would remain where I then was until 
the days began to lengthen, and then make another attempt to find my 
way through the Straits of Magellan. Unable to induce me to accompany 
him, Captain Duncan, in the ‘ Dart,’ left me early in the morning (Sun¬ 
day) [4th June ?] for his favorite island and harbor, and (as I afterwards 
learned), after a boisterous day, arrived at the entrance of his harbor just 
at dark, where, unable to see his way in to safe anchorage, he cast anchor 
during a heavy squall, and swung on to a reef of rocks, where his vessel 
was totally lost. Captain Duncan and crew (except two men drowned) 
saved themselves with what they stood in. Their boat, turned over on 
the beach, was their only shelter on that cold and inhospitable beach. 
Some forty days after, Capt. D. and a Mr. Smith reached our harbor in a 
sealing vessel bound to Valparaiso, and I prevailed on Mr. Smith to join 
my little company.” — J. Hs Account. 

From a letter to his brother, dated Falkland Islands. June 4: — “ It is 
now the Southern winter, — short days, long and dreary nights, with cold, 
boisterous weather. I now feel what I expected by the delay in getting 
the vessel ready for sea at home ; their delay has lost the season. It 
comes hard on me. If the vessel had been ready at the time they agreed 
to have her, I could have saved the season. I had an extremely uncom¬ 
fortable time. Although the vessel proves to be stiffer than I expected, 
yet it shows an unpardonable want of prudence, or want of feeling, to 
send a vessel of this description on a voyage like this at this season.” 

Sc hr. Missionary Packet, from Falkland Islands. — Thurs¬ 
day, 15th fuly, 1826. — Begins with light airs from the 
Northward, and pleasant. 1 p. m., got under way in company 
with schr. “Eliza Ann,” and ran out of the harbor. Outside 
found it blowing a fresh breeze, and cloudy ; wind from N. W. 
by W. At dark, 5 p. m., Cape Percival N. y W. five leagues 
distant, from which I take my departure. Middle part, the 
wind hauled to W. S. W., with a fresh breeze. Latter part, 
moderated, and a breeze sprang up from S. E. Ends with 
wind at East. 

Courses. Dist. Dif. Lat. D. Long. Long. In. Lat. by Obs’n. 

S. W. 52 m. 37 ' 60' W. 62°iP W. 52°24' South. 




4 8 


July 13. — “The captain promised to keep me company if I would 
start with him. I therefore started (although earlier than I contemplated) 
in company with him, his being a vessel nearly three times as large as the 
‘ Packet,’ a faster sailer, light and buoyant. He left me, when but two 
days out, to find my own way.” — J. H.'s Account. 

Friday , 14/// July, 1826. — First part, fresh breezes from 
N. E. and passing clouds, and moderate sea. Middle part, 
strong breezes from N. E. to North, with a rough sea ; under 
close-reefed sails. Latter part, moderating ; let a reef out of 
the jib and foresail. The sun out at intervals between the 
clouds. Steering YV. S. W. by compass ; 2 pts. vari. E. At 
sunrise, mercury in air, 42 0 ; water, 43^2°. 

Course. Dist. D. Lat. Dep. D. Long. Long. In. Lat. by Obs’n. 

S. 88° W. 139 m - 5' 1 39 3 ° 4 & w - 65°57 / W- 5 2 ° 2 9' s - 

Saturday , 15/// July, 1826. — Begins with a fresh breeze 
from N. N. W. ; soon moderating, and hauling to West. 
Cloudy weather and a moderate sea. Middle part, baffling 
breezes from West to S. S. W. ; cloudy. At 3 a. m. passed 
large tide rips ; sounded in forty fathoms water over a bottom 
of dark sand and shells. At 6 a. m. sounded in forty-five 
fathoms water. At 8 A. m. saw a schooner, supposed to be the 
“ Eliza Ann.” Mercury at sunrise : air, 39 0 ; water, 43 0 . 
Latter part, hazy ; passing clouds ; the sun out at short inter¬ 
vals. At noon sounded in fifty fathoms water, over a bottom 
of fine dark sand. 

Course. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. Long. Long. In. Lat. by Obs’n. 

N. 68° W. 68 m. 9' 67 i 0 49 ' 6 f 4 6' W. 5 2°2o / South. 

Note. — Straits of Magellan. — These Straits, that furnished some of the great difficul¬ 
ties of this voyage, were explored by Magellan, October 21 to November 27,1520. His fleet, 
consisting of five ships, with two hundred and thirty to two hundred and fifty men, sailed Sep¬ 
tember 20,1519, from San Lucar, Andalusia. He “ was obliged to exert all his authority to 
induce his men to venture upon this unknown passage.. . . One of the ships actually de¬ 
serted him, and steered back for Europe.” An early and quite imaginative illustration of 
his discovery, published by Dieterich von Bry, Frankfort a. M. 1594 (Pt. 4), is here shown 
in facsimile. Two maps, better than any with which the “Packet” was furnished, were 
published in Jeffery’s American Atlas, London, 1775, and by Laurie and Whittle, London, 
1794. They have been thought to be the best before 1826. The facsimiles here shown are 
from the former edition. 

The passage of the “ Packet ” was made with so little help from charts or from the 




































































































































49 


knowledge of others that it had elements of a novel undertaking, and renders a reference to 
earl}’ passages interesting. The following list shows the date and time of twelve recorded 
between 1520 and 1620 : — 


Commander. 

Direction. 

Entered. 

Left. 

Year. 

Time. 

Magelhanes. 

E. to W. 

Oct. 21. 

Nov. 27. 

1520. 

37 days. 

G. Jofre de Loyasa. 

do. 

Apr. 8. 

May 26. 

1526. 

48 „ 

Juan Ledrilleros. 

W. to E. and 

E. to W. 


July. 

Ln 

OO 

4 mos.(?). 

Francis Drake. 

E. to W. 

Aug. 20. 

Sept. 6. 

1578. 

17 days. 

P. Sarmiento de Gamboa. 

W. to E. 

Jan. 23. 

Feb. 24. 

1580. 

32 „ 

Thos. Cavendish. 

E. to W. 

„ 6. 

„ 24. 

,587. 

49 .. 

Andrew Merick. 

E. and back. 

>• 

x 14- 

1590. 

* 

Thos. Cavendish. 

do. 

Apr. 14. 

May 15. 

1592. 

t 

Richard Hawkins. 

E. to W. 

Feb. 19. 

March 29. 

> 594 - 

38 days. 

J. Mahu and S. de Cordes. 

do. 

Apr. 6. 

Sept. 3. 

1599. 

> 5 ° .. 

Olivier van Noort. 

do. 

Nov. 22. 

Feb. 29. 

1599-1600. 

99 

Adml. J. Spilbergen. 

do. 

Apr. 3. 

May 6. 

1615. 

33 » 

Comm. Byron. 

do. 

Feb. 17. 

Apr. 9. 

1765. 

5 ' » 

Bougainville. 

do. 

Dec. 2. 

Jan. 23. 

1764. 

S 2 „ 

Jas. Hunnewell. 

do. 

July 16. 

Aug. 21. 

1826. 

3 6 »» 


* Went ten leagues west of Cape Forward. 1 To near Cape Forward. 


De Loyasa had four hundred and fifty men and six or seven vessels, five of which made 
the passage. Good ports on the south side, and a variety of fish, were found. Ledrilleros 
started with two small vessels, but with one only made the passage both w'ays. “ He sailed 
back to Chili, where he arrived with only one seaman and a negro, besides himself, to navi¬ 
gate the vessel, the rest of his people having perished by hunger and the severity of the 
weather in the Strait.” ( Burney , I. 248, Lond. 1803.) Sir F. Drake observed that “ Cape 
Virgenes,... at the distance of four leagues, was remarkable for its high and steep gray 
cliffs, full of black spots.” In the Straits his ships were frequently obliged to anchor, and 
sometimes in separate places. “ The tides were observed to rise and fall above five fathoms 
perpendicular.” (Do. 323.) Several navigators and writers confirm the descriptions of the 
natives given in this Journal. Some of the earlier, especially some illustrated by D. v. Bry, 
mention the giants associated with the region. Arguments and authorities to prove their 
existence are given by Thos. Pennant in his “ Literary Life ” <Lond. 1793), pages 47-69. 

Sunday , \6th July , 1826. —All these twenty-four hours 
moderate, bathing breezes from all around the compass, with 
spells of calm, pleasant weather. At 2 p. m. made Cape Vir¬ 
gins, bearing S. W. by W. W. eight leagues distant. At 
7 p. m. sounded in twenty-six fathoms water. Lay off and on 
during the night, and kept the lead going frequently ; found 
twenty-six fathoms down to fifteen fathoms water. At day¬ 
light stood in for the Straits of Magellan, with light, baffling 
winds and very rough tide rips. At meridian Cape Virgins 
bore by compass N. by E. three leagues distant. Cape 
Espirito in sight. Saw a large number of natives on Dunge- 



50 


ness; some on foot, and others mounted on horseback. They 
made smokes for us, beckoned, and called to us to come on 
shore. The land in all directions is of a moderate elevation, 
and remarkably level. Not a tree or a bush could be seen from 
the vessel, and at a distance from the land we could not dis¬ 
tinguish a single hill. All the land appeared one perfectly 
level, extended plain. Dungeness is very low and level, and 
cannot be seen more than three leagues. It would be danger¬ 
ous to run in here in the night. 

Monday , \ JtJi July, 1826.— First part, a fresh breeze from 
West to N. W. Working up the north shore above Cape 
Virgins. Rough sea, and pleasant. Middle part, moderate 
breeze from W. N. W., the tide setting down to the Eastward. 
Latter part, calm, pleasant, and smooth. At 11 a. m., finding 
a strong tide setting us to the Eastward 2^ knots, came to 
with the kedge anchor in twenty-six fathoms water ; good 
holding ground. The land about the First Narrows in sight 
six leagues distant; the Asses’ Ears bearing W. by N. ; the 
north shore in sight three leagues dist. Long, by chart, 69° 
1 o' W. ; lat. by obs’n 5 2° 29' S. 

At sunrise the mercury in the open air stood at 40°. Some 
snow in sight on shore; the night air keen and cool when off 
the land. 

Tuesday, 18 th July, 1826. — Begins with light airs from 
W. N. W., and pleasant. At 3 p. m. slack water ; weighed our 
kedge, and trimmed to windward with the tide until 11 p. m. 
The tide turned ; came to with the kedge in twenty-five 
fathoms water, the Asses’ Ears bearing N. W. Through the 
night, pleasant, with a moderate breeze from N. W. At 4 a. m. 
slack water ; hove up, and stood to the Westward. Between 
8 and 11 a. m. passed through the Narrows of Hope, with a 
moderate breeze from N. W., and pleasant. Found the tide 
setting through the Narrows about seven knots in a S. by W. 
direction (by comp.). Near the Narrows, at sunrise, mercury 
in air, 38° ; water, 40°. 

Wednesday, \<)th July, 1826. — Pleasant, and a fine breeze 
from N. W. At 2 p. m. anchored in Gregory Bay, half a mile 


5i 


from shore, in five fathoms water, good bottom, Cape Gregory 
bearing by compass South. At 4 p. m. (sundown) the tide 
began to make up. Got under way; stood up. Between 
6 and 9 p. m. passed through the Second Narrows (or Narrows 
of St. Bartholomew). After getting into the Narrows the 
wind set in fresh from S. W. At 10 h. 30 m. p. m., moderate, 
pleasant, and full moon, anchored in Oozey Harbor in four 
fathoms water, good bottom, half a mile from the shore. 
Through the night, fresh breezes from S. S. W. directly into 
the harbor. At 9 a. m., tide serving, got under way, wind 
S. W., and beat to windward. At noon, eastern part of Isa¬ 
bella’s Island bore East. Pleasant weather. 

I shall now continue the day as in civil account of time. 
All the afternoon a fine breeze from S. W. by W., turning up 
between Isabella Island and the north shore in from five to 
ten fathoms water. At 5 p. m. (dark) anchored in four fathoms 
water, in a bight four leagues north from Cape Porpoise. Saw 
some natives on shore, who called to us to come on shore. 
Saw horses and dogs around the huts. Every thing frozen up 
on deck. During the night, mercury 32 0 . 

Thursday , 20 tli July , 1826. — Civil Account — At 6 a. m- 
got under way, with a light breeze from S. W., and ran out 
through the passage between Isabella Island and Cape Por¬ 
poise, and stood to the South. All day, fine, pleasant weather, 
and a moderate breeze hauling from S. W. to S. E. (At sun¬ 
rise, mercury 32 0 .) Through the night, light breezes and 
fine, pleasant weather. Lat. by obs. at noon, 53°03' S. ; west 
shore two leagues distant. 

Friday , 21st July, 1826. — Fine, pleasant weather. At day¬ 
light the mercury stood at 34 0 in the air, and in the water 43 0 . 
Light, baffling winds from S. W. to N. W. Lat. by obs. at 
noon, 53 0 34' South; long, in., 7i°2o' W. Afternoon, calm 
and pleasant. I landed on the point that makes the north 
side of Port Famine, cut a boat-load of drift-wood, and re¬ 
turned. At dark took a breeze from S. W.; stood along shore 
to the South. On opening Cape Forward, found it blowing 
very strong in flaws. Stood North and South all night under 
the west shore, under double-reef mainsail and jib. 


52 


Saturday , 22 d July , 1826. — Fresh gales from S. W. by S., 
and very heavy flaws, with a high, quick sea in the channel. 
Finding we could not make any progress, bore up for a har¬ 
bor. At noon anchored in Port Famine in seven fathoms 
water, good bottom ; Sedger River bearing South, north point 
bearing N. E. In the afternoon I landed on the south side 
of the bay, where I found traces of recent visitors. Filled up 
some water at a small rivulet at the bottom of the bay, and 
cut some firewood. I saw some game, but found them very 
shy. The wind very strong, in flaws. Port Famine is situ¬ 
ated in lat. S 3 ° 4 2 ' S., long. 7i°28' W. 

July 22. — “We had a comfortable passage over to the Straits, . . . 
without important incident, . . . and reached Port Famine on the 22d of 
July. The winds then became boisterous and the sea very rough.” — 
J s H.'s Account. 

“ Port Famine. — At this place the Spaniards, in the year 1581, built a 
town, which they called Phillippeville, and left in it a colony, consisting of 
four hundred persons. When our celebrated navigator, Cavendish, ar¬ 
rived here in 1587, he found one of these unhappy wretches — the only 
one that remained — upon the beach. They had all perished for want of 
subsistence except twenty-four. Twenty-three of these set out for the 
River Plata, and were never afterwards heard of. This man. whose name 
was Hernando, was brought to England by Cavendish, who called the 
place where he had taken him up Port Famine.”— Voyage , 1766-68, by 
Captain Wallis. H. B. M. Ship Dolphin. Hawkesworth, I. 411. 

Sunday , 2 ^d July, 1826. — Fresh gales in the channel; 
strong, baffling flaws off the land from South to West. Lay¬ 
ing at anchor in Port Famine. Pleasant weather; mercury, 
41 0 . I made an excursion in the boat three or four miles up 
Sedger River. Found considerable drift ice, and in some 
places the river was frozen nearly across. Found both sides 
the river thickly wooded. 

July 1 3. — Hon. Comm. Byron states (Kerr, xii. 37) that “the water of 
Sedger River is excellent. ... I went up it about four miles in my boat, 
and the fallen trees then rendered it impossible to go farther. I found it, 
indeed, not only difficult but dangerous to get up thus far. The stream 
is very rapid. . . . On each side of this river are trees of a great height, 
and more than eight feet in diameter.” After' ascending Cape Forward, 


53 


he states that “ the hills, as far as I could see, were of an immense height, 
very craggy, and covered with snow quite from the summit to the base.” 
This was at the end of December (1764). 

Monday, 24 th July, 1826. — Pleasant weather, the wind 
coming in very strong flaws from South to S. W., and a swell 
heaving in the bay. Fresh gales, and squally in the channel. 
Cut some wood, and filled up our water-casks. Plenty of 
game, but too wild ; could not get a shot at them. Mercury, 
40°. I cut on a board, and placed it on shore, “American 
schr. Missionary, of Boston. J. H. Port Famine, July, 
1826.” 

Tuesday, 25 th July, 1826. — At 4 a. m. calm; took our 
anchor, and swept out of Port Famine. Through the fore¬ 
noon, light breezes and flawy from W. to S. W. At noon, 
as we opened Cape Forward, took a fresh breeze from S. W. ; 
reefed the sails. At 8 p. m. very squally-looking weather, and 
fresh gales. Handed the foresail. 

The land rough and mountainous. All the high land 
covered with snow ; the low land covered with a thick growth 
of wood. Through the night, fresh gales and cloudy from 
West. Stood back and forth athwart the Straits near Cape 
Forward. Moderating towards morning. 

Wednesday, 26th July, 1826. — Through the day, light, baf¬ 
fling breezes, and cloudy, with spells of calm. Made but very 
little westing. At noon Cape Forward bore North ; mercury, 
40°. At 5 p. m. took a breeze from South, that hauled to East, 
and died away calm. Through the night, light, baffling airs, 
and calm, pleasant weather. A barren, dreary region this ; 
nothing to be seen but barren, rugged mountains covered 
with snow and ice,—the base of the mountains generally 
covered with a thick growth of low trees. 

Thursday, 27th July, 1826. — At 3 a. m. took a light breeze 
from East. At 8 a. m. calm, pleasant weather. Through the 
day, light, baffling breezes from the Western board; made 
but little progress all day. At 5 p. m. (dark) anchored in 
Port Gallant in four and a half fathoms water, two cable- 
lengths from the shore on each side. The bottom is good, 


x 


54 


and it appears to be an excellent harbor. It is ten leagues 
west from Cape Forward, on the north shore, nearly opposite 
the Barbary Channel. Long. 72 0 05' W.; lat. 53°4o' S. The 
mercury in the air, 43 0 ; water, 45°. 

Friday, 28 th July. — Moderate breezes from the West¬ 
ward, and pleasant. At 4 a. m. took our anchor and ran out 
into the Straits, where we found a fresh breeze drawing directly 
down from W. N. W. between the high land. The tide being 
favorable we worked up fast. At 8 A. m. the breeze very 
strong, double-reefed the sails. Found in each bend in the 
Straits that the wind was influenced by the high land, draw¬ 
ing directly along shore. The land on both sides the Straits 
is mountainous, with hoary summits most of the time en¬ 
veloped in clouds, and covered with eternal snows nearly to 
their bases, that are mostly skirted with woods. The low 
land is mostly covered with a thick growth of low trees, many 
of which have a thick foliage of lively green that resembles 
the box used to ornament the walks in gardens. Through 
the day, strong breezes directly down the Straits, with fine 
rain. At 2 p. m., finding the tide strong against us, ran into a 
fine bay on the north side of one of the large islands (Prince’s), 
and anchored in a small cove, well sheltered from all winds. 
Let go our anchor in twelve fathoms water, only forty fathoms 
from the shore, and moored with our hawser to a tree. I have 
no name for the harbor; I shall therefore call it Packet Har¬ 
bor, as it is probable she is the first vessel that ever anchored 
in it. It lies five leagues S. E. from St. Jerome’s Point. 
Found a number of Indian huts recently left. Situation by 
my chart, long. 72°45' W., lat. 53°30' S. 

Saturday , 29 th July, 1826. — At 5 a. m. got under way, with 
a light breeze from West. Through the forenoon, pleasant, 
with light, baffling breezes from N. W. and S., and spells of 
calm. At 11 a. m., the tide beginning to set down, ran into a 
harbor on the north side of the same island from which we 
started this morning, and about three leagues west of it. 
Anchored in a snug cove, well sheltered, in eleven fathoms 
water near the shore, and moored with our hawser on shore 


55 


to a tree. I went foraging ; found a number of Indian huts, 
got plenty of mussels, filled up some water, and shot a logger- 
head duck weighing nine lbs. Smith’s Harbor. 

Sunday , 30 th July. — At 5 a. m. cloudy, with fresh flaws 
from the Westward. Unmoored, and ran out ; found it 
blowing strong in the channel, coming in flaws from West, 
with intervals of calm and light airs. Some natives on 
St. Jerome’s Point made smoke for us, and put off in a canoe 
for us, but we did not stop for them. At 11 a. m., finding a 
strong tide against us, and not having gained any thing, ran 
into the same harbor we started from this morning, and 
moored to the same [tree]. Latter part of the day, fresh 
gales from the Westward, and flawy, with rain. 

Monday , 31st July. — At 5 a. m. light breezes from 
S. W. by W., and pleasant. Unmoored and ran out, and 
commenced turning to windward. Made slow progress, the 
tide constantly setting to the Eastward, and the wind drawing 
directly down channel; the weather pleasant. In the after¬ 
noon was boarded from a canoe from the Terra del Fuego 
shore, having on board three men, two women, and three chil¬ 
dren. They were wretched-looking beings ; their coverings 
were skin mantles. They offered to make a present of one of 
their children. At 5 p. m. anchored in a fine bay on the 
north shore in nine fathoms water, and ran our hawser on 
shore to a tree. I shall call this Cascade Harbor. We have 
made but three leagues’ westing in twelve hours’ beating. By 
my chart, long. 73°io / West; lat. 53 0 15' South. 

Tuesday , 1 st August , 1826. —At 5 a. m. calm and pleasant. 
Unmoored, and towed out of the harbor. All this day, light, 
baffling breezes from. N. E. to S. E., making the best of our 
way to the Westward. Lat. by meridian obs’n, 53°27' S- 
At night sent the boat in to examine a harbor. Found too 
deep water for anchorage, and the harbor frozen nearly over. 
Lay out all night. After 8 p. m. made but very little progress. 
Light, baffling airs, and spells of calm ; pleasant weather. 
To-day we have passed some of the most dreary-looking, 
barren, rocky mountains we have yet seen. Their summits 


56 


are covered with snow and ice ; their sides and bases, naked 
rocks, except a few scattering, stunted trees near their bases. 

Wednesday , 2d August, 1826. — All this day, light breezes, 
and cloudy. In the forenoon, from N. E. to S. E., and spells 
of calm ; in the afternoon a breeze sprang up from the West¬ 
ward, the atmosphere very clear. The icebergs on the rocky 
mountains (in the ravines) lie in large bodies, and appear like 
immense beds of copperas. Most of the day we have had the 
tide against us, and we have done but little better than hold 
our own. At 4 p. m. anchored in a bay on the south shore 
(Forgetful Bay). Let go the anchor in twelve fathoms water, 
and moored with the hawser on shore to a tree. Ice making 
on deck. 

Thursday, 3 d August. — At 5 A. m. unmoored, and towed 
out of the harbor. Forenoon, airs from the East d -, and 
calms. Afternoon, light breezes from N. W., and pleasant. 
At 4 p. m. anchored in a very snug cove in ten fathoms water ; 
sand and stones. Moored with the hawser on shore to a tree. 
This cove is completely sheltered from all winds, on three 
sides, by high land or rocks nearly perpendicular ; and the 
mouth, which is one hundred fathoms wide, is guarded by an 
island. Most of the cove is covered with ice. I shall call it 
Otter Harbor, as I shot a sea-otter directly after coming to 
anchor. Lat. by obs. at noon, 53°04 S. Mercury at sunrise: 
outside air, 35 y 2 ° ; water, 41 0 . 

Friday, 4th August, 1826. —At 5 A. m. unmoored, with light, 
baffling airs, and towed out into the Straits. At ioa.m. took 
a light breeze from S. E., which continued to veer and haul 
from S. E. to N. E., increasing. At 2 p. m. fresh gales from 
East, with thick, rainy weather. Ran into an opening on the 
south shore to find a harbor. At 4 h. 30 m. p. m. anchored in 
four fathoms water, in a very small, snug harbor, not more 
than ninety fathoms wide ; sandy bottom. Moored with 
both chain anchors down, and the hawser on shore to a tree. 
This I shall call Necessity Harbor. It is among a cluster of 
small islands, in a large bay, bearing by compass South from 
Cape Providence ; situated by chart in long. 74*^° W., lat. 


57 


53 ° S. Through the [night], fresh gales; very thick, rainy 
weather. I felt very thankful that we [were] well moored in 
a snug harbor. 

Aug. 4. — Hon. Comm. Byron states, of his approach to this position, 
that they lost upon every tack ; then anchored ; again started, working 
“all night, every man on board being upon deck the whole time, and every 
one wet to the skin. ... In the morning we had again the mortification to 
find that, notwithstanding all our labor, we had lost ground upon every 
tack, in consequence of the current, which continued to set with great 
force to the eastward.” Afterwards, when “we opened the South Sea,. . . 
such a swell rolled in upon us as I have seldom seen.” A few days later, 
during a storm, “our situation,” he states, “ was very alarming, . . . sur¬ 
rounded on every side by rocks and breakers.” — Kerr , xii. 68. 

Saturday , 5 th August. — In the morning, light, baffling 
winds. At 8 a. m. unmoored, and towed around into a large 
harbor or bay, and attempted to get out into the Straits. 
Baffling winds, and thick weather with rain. At noon the 
wind set in at N. W., hauling to West with a strong breeze 
and large swell. Ran in and anchored under the eastern part 
of the same island that made the harbor we lay in last night. 
Moored with the two chain anchors off shore, N. E. and S. E., 
in seven fathoms water; good bottom ; the hawser on shore 
to a tree. All night, fresh gales from N. W., with dark, thick, 
rainy weather. Mercury up to 41° 

Sunday , 6th Ajigust. — All this day fresh gales from 
W. N. W., with thick weather and almost constant rain. Did 
not start from our moorings. The mercury in open air: 
morning, 44 0 ; noon, 45 l / 2 ° ; night, 43 0 . Through the night, 
thick, rainy weather. 

Monday , 7th August , 1826. —At 6 a. m. unmoored, and ran 
out into the Straits ; the wind baffling from W. N. W. to 
W. S. W., and squally, with rain and snow. Found the tide 
setting in against us all day. The shore along here is danger¬ 
ous, being very much broken up into small islands, rocks, and 
sunken reefs. The swell heaving into the Straits from the 
Westward. Cape Pillars in sight. After beating all day we 
gained but four miles. Tried several places ; found no good 


58 


* 


anchorage, and was obliged to run back and take shelter in 
the same harbor we started from in the morning. All night, 
fresh gales and squally, with rain. 

Tuesday, 8th August. —All this day, strong gales from 
W. N. W. and squally, with frequent showers of rain. Did 
not start from our moorings this day. I went hunting ; found 
the game plenty, but very shy. Replenished our stock of 
wood and water. Found some good mussels. Saw the frames 
of some Indian huts. 

Wednesday, gtk August. — All this day, fresh gales from the 
Westward and squally, with frequent showers of rain. Lay 
moored, the same as yesterday, windbound. Latter part of 
the night, the wind hauled to the Eastward, and cleared 
away. 

Thursday, ro th August. — At 6 a. m. strong breezes and 
flawy from E. S. E. Unmoored, and ran out in the channel. 
Through the forenoon, strong breezes from East. Lat. by obs. 
at noon, 52°48' S. Afternoon, fresh gales and a large, quick 
sea. At 4 p. m. Cape Pillars bore by compass S. S. W. I 
did not deem it prudent to run out so near night, and blowing 
a fresh gale of wind. Ran over to the north shore to find a 
harbor for the night. At 5 h. 30 m. p. m. anchored in a very 
snug lagoon, completely sheltered from all winds, and moored 
with both chain anchors in twelve fathoms water. The entrance 
of this harbor is not more than twenty fathoms wide, and we 
have to pass through many dangers to get to it. 

Friday, 11 th August, 1826.—In the morning cloudy, and 
fresh from the Southward, drawing directly into the harbor ; 
could not get out. At 1 r a. m. the wind hauled. Unmoored, 
and towed out; the entrance of the harbor not more than 
twenty fathoms wide. Ran up to the westward a few miles in 
an inland passage, the wind hauling from the N. E. At 3 p. m. 
anchored in (Turner’s Cove) four and a half fathoms water, 
good bottom, within twenty fathoms of the shore. Moored 
with the hawser on shore to a tree. Took in some firewood 
and water. This place is situated about six leagues to the 
Eastward of Cape Victory. Cape Pillars in sight (in clear 


59 


weather), bearing by compass S. by E. y 2 E. Ice made on 
deck in the night. 

Saturday, 12 th August. — All this day, light, baffling winds 
from N. W. to N. E. At daylight got under way and towed 
out; and after working all day got but three miles from the 
harbor we started from this morning. At dark, ran back and 
anchored in Turner's Cove. Lat. by obs. at noon, $2° i 6' S. ; 
long, by chart, 74^ W. Cape Pillars in sight, bearing by 
compass S. y E. 

Sunday, i^th August. — At daylight unmoored, and swept 
out of the cove. Light, baffling airs all day, and cloudy. At 
night ran back, and anchored again in Turner’s Cove. Mer¬ 
cury, 41 0 . This place is but little known. I find it to be a 
cluster of islands composed of naked, rocky mountains. There 
is not so much snow as I found farther to the Eastward. The 
tops of the highest mountains only are covered with it. The 
bases of most of them are covered with a thick growth of low 
trees and underwood, most of which have a thick foliage 
of a lively green, which is proof against the frost and snow. 
The channels here are generally deep and the shores bold. 
There are, however, many scattering rocks, but such as do not 
show above water are generally covered with kelp. There are 
plenty of good harbors full of seals, otters, porpoises, and 
whales, and geese, ducks, shags, etc. 

Monday , 14/// August, 1826. — First part, thick, squally 
weather, with rain. At noon cleared away, and in the after¬ 
noon set in squally, with fresh gales from S. S. W., hauling 
to West, with a thick snow-storm. Got out another anchor, 
and the hawser to the shore fast to a tree. Continued snow¬ 
ing all night ; mercury down to 32 0 . 

Tuesday, i$th August. — In the morning, our deck full of 
snow and ice. Cleared decks, and at 8 a. m. unmoored and 
ran out, with the wind at S. S. W. and squally, with rain and 
hail. In channel leading to the Northward found the snow- 
squalls very thick. In the afternoon ran into a very snug har¬ 
bor (which I shall call Calm Cove), and moored in six and a 
half fathoms water, soft bottom, within twenty fathoms of 


6o 


the shore. Moored head and stern to the shore, and anchor 
off shore. 

Wednesday , 1 6th August. — Strong breezes from S. W., and 
squally, with hail and snow. Lay moored all day in Calm 
Cove, impatient. Mercury up to 38°. I went several miles in 
the small boat up to the Westward towards Cape Victory, to 
examine the passages, and try to find a harbor among the 
islands. Found it very much broken up into small islands, 
rocks, and scattering breakers. Saw plenty of game ; but 
they are so much harassed by the Indians that they are very 
shy. Saw Indian huts, but no Indians. 

Thursday , 1 yth August. — All this day squally from 
W. S. W., with showers of rain. The sun out about noon, 
the snow melting on the low lands and sunny sides of the 
hills. Mercury, 38°. Lay moored all day in Calm Cove. I 
feel very impatient to be going ; but, if I get under way, I 
cannot make any progress. We find plenty of good mussels 
and limpets, and some geese and ducks, that keep us in fresh 
messes every day. 

Friday , 18 th August, 1826. — In the morning, calm and very 
thick weather, the mercury standing at 33 0 . In the fore- 
[noon], a breeze sprang up from S. E. Unmoored. The 
weather continuing thick, did not go out of the harbor. Lay 
at single anchor all night. 

Saturday, ityh August. — At daylight, light airs and calms. 
Towed out of the harbor into the passage. At 8 a. m. breeze 
up strong in flaws, with pleasant weather and passing clouds, 
the atmosphere thick and hazy, the wind setting in at East, 
strong. At 9 a. m. passed the narrow passage that leads out. 
Double-reefed the sails. Outside, found it blowing a fresh gale 
from East, and a very large, irregular [sea] running. The quick 
easterly swell or sea meeting the high, westerly swell made it 
very rough indeed. Continued to stand out to the South¬ 
ward, which was the only clear passage, pitching all under at 
times. Passed very near to a number of very high breakers 
on each side of us. At 11 a. m. found ourselves in the midst 
of breakers in every direction, with no other clear passage but 



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61 


the one we came out. Our only alternative was to turn back, 
and try to get in again ; and, very providentially for us, we had 
a leading wind back into smooth water, the passage being too 
narrow to beat. We were soon into smooth water, and very 
thankful that we had escaped the great dangers to which we 
had been exposed. Went in pursuit of a harbor. At 4 p. m. 
anchored (in George’s Harbor), in four fathoms, in a small cove. 
Moored with three anchors down, and our hawser fast on shore 
to trees. The wind very strong in flaws through the night ; 
fresh gales and strong flaws ; ice made half an inch thick. 
This harbor is three miles west of the one I left this 
morning. 

Aug. 19. — “ On the 19th, when in sight of Cape Pillars, the western 
extremity of the Straits, a strong gale set in from the East. It was a day 
of life or death. We ran out to the Southward from among the small 
islands and reefs into the open Straits, under double-reef sails, keeping to 
windward as far as possible, — intending to bear away and run out to the 
Westward as soon as I could see a clear passage. The sharp, quick sea 
from the East meeting the great ground-swell from the West — particu¬ 
larly when over the rocks just above, and the rocky reefs near, the surface 
— caused some of the most frightful and terrific surges I ever saw, throw¬ 
ing the water higher than the highest ship’s masts. They would destroy the 
largest ship in our navy that chanced to be in the way. When well out, I 
found that we were surrounded on all sides, except the narrow passage out 
of which we came, by these terrific reefs and breakers. By keeping to wind¬ 
ward, we were providentially enabled to return, in the manner described 
in the Journal.” — J. H.'s Accoutit. 

Sunday , 20 th August , 1826. — Fresh gales from the East¬ 
ward, and very strong flaws. The weather pleasant; mercury, 
33 0 at sunrise, at sunset up to 37 0 . I find this a truly anxious 
time for me. There is a fair wind, but it is blowing a gale ; 
and I fear to run out through a cluster of dangerous reefs and 
breakers of twenty miles’ extent, where I cannot see any clear 
passage. Through the night, cloudy, moderating ; the flaws 
continue strong. 

Aug. 20. — None among the many severe trials of the voyage exceeded 
that of this memorable Sunday, — either in danger, in test of character, or 
in dramatic effect, — when the voyager, as he wrote, spent most of the day 
on a neighboring mountain, “watching the winds and waves,” and “seeking 


<* 


62 

Divine protection and direction.” Alone, a vast and impassable wilderness 
of land, or a wilder, lonelier sea, full of breakers and tremendous waves, 
around him, — and moored below him the small, weak, leaky vessel, — 
slighted by those in whom he had trusted, with its little crew inefficient 
without him, — the old New England pluck and piety sustaining him ! He 
could not then see that, from the pleasant home he would create, he, a 
merchant with twoscore years of high credit, would send near that region 
a merchantman larger than any then sailing from his native land, and all 
his own. 

Monday , 21 st August. — At daylight unmoored, and ran out 
of George’s Harbor, with strong flaws from N. E. to S. E. At 
9 a. m. passed the narrow passage between the small islands. 
On getting out, found a cross-swell from S. W. and N. W., 
but very smooth compared with Saturday. Some of the reefs 
that were then breaking mountain-high had become small, and 
others were not to be seen. Passed a number of small rocks 
that were just above the surface of the water. They lay scat¬ 
tered in all directions from Cape Victory and the Evangelist 
Islands. Eastward for thirty miles is one complete cluster of 
small islands, scattering rocks, reefs under water, and blind 
breakers. They extend the greater part of the way over to 
Cape Pillars. Some of the reefs are four or five leagues from 
the main islands, and are very dangerous in the night or in 
thick weather. In daylight and clear weather, they can be 
seen soon enough to avoid them. Cape Pillars side is the 
clearest of dangers. At meridian the sun was out pleasant; 
the Evangelist Islands bore South, — the nearest one mile 
distant; Cape Victory bore by compass N. W. by N., and Cape 
Pillars S. E. by E., — both in plain sight. In my books and 
charts they are laid down erroneously. They are there laid 
down North and South from each other. I shall now continue 
my journal by using sea account of time. 

Aug. 21. — “ Cape Pillar is a very high land, or rather a great mass of 
rocks, which terminates in two great cliffs, formed in the shape of towers, 
inclining to N. W., and making the extremity of the Cape.”— Bougain¬ 
ville's Voy., I. 194 , London, 1772. 

Tuesday , 2 2d August , 1826. Sea Account. — Begins with a 
fine breeze from East, and pleasant overhead ; cloudy all 


63 


around the horizon. All sail set, running Westward to get an 
offing. At 4 p. m. the Evangelist Islands bore by compass 
N E by E., twenty miles distant ; Cape Pillars in sight, bear¬ 
ing E. S., forty miles distant; the weather moderating. 
At 8 p. m. calm and cloudy. At midnight took a light breeze 
from West that soon hauled to South and increased to a strong 
gale, that brought us down to a reef foresail. At 3 a. m. hard 
gales and squally, with a very large sea, that obliged us to lay 
to under reef foresail. At 6 a. m., moderating a little, and the 
sea gone down, set the reef jib and small balance-reef main¬ 
sail. Latter part of the day, the wind veering and hauling 
from S. W. to West, with frequent squalls of snow and hail ; 
intervals between squalls, pleasant. At 8 a. m. saw the land, 
bearing East. At meridian, lat. by obs., 52°02' S. ; long, in., 
76° 20’ W. 

Aug. 22. —Magalhanes, on Nov. 27, 1520, after passing the Straits, 
ordered “public thanksgivings,” and “ was so greatly rejoiced at finding a 
clear sea before him that he is said to have shed tears.’’ — Burney , I. 43, 
Land. 1803. 

“ On the morning of the 22d, Cape Victory was in sight to the leeward ; 
and we made all sail possible, to prevent being driven back into the Straits. 
It was a crisis in the voyage ; and never was a vessel harder pressed than 
our little Packet. The frequent and heavy seas that passed over us re¬ 
quired that all persons on deck should be securely lashed to the vessel for 
their safety. The winds and weather became milder as we advanced 
Northward.”— J. Hs Account. 

Capl. Wallis . H. B. M. S. Dolphin (Hawkesworth, I. 409 Lond. 1773), 
who was obliged to press his ship to weather the Capes, and escape diffi¬ 
culties like those mentioned above, says : “ Thus we quitted a dreary and 
inhospitable region, where we were in almost perpetual danger of ship¬ 
wreck for near four months, having entered the Streight on the 17th of 
December, 1766, and quitted it on the nth of April, 1767; a region where, 
in the midst of summer, the weather was cold, gloomy, and tempestuous, 
where the prospects had more the appearance of a chaos than of Nature, 
and where,for the most part, the vallies were without herbage and the hills 
without wood.” * 


* The Hon. Comm. Byron, in his account of his passage of the Straits (Kerr, xii. 75), 
states that “ the weather we had was dreadful beyond all description ; ” and that, from the 
difficulties and dangers met there, a reader might conclude “ it ought never to be attempted 
again.” But “ I think that, at a proper season of the year, not only a single vessel, but a 
large squadron, might pass the Streight in less than three weeks ” 



6 4 


Wednesday, 23 d August. — First part, fresh breezes, veering 
and hauling from S. S. W. to W. S. W., with frequent squalls 
of snow and hail. Through the middle part, fresh gales from 
S. W., with squalls of snow and hail. Running under close 
reefs ; a large sea running. Latter part, moderating a little, let 
a reef out of each sail. Running all day, as the wind would 
allow, from W. by N. to N. W. by compass, altering the course 
as the wind veered and hauled. I allow two points Easterly 
variation. Nearest land, thirty leagues. 

Course. Dist. D. Lat. D. Long. Long. Obs. Long. In. by Obs’n. 

N. 31 0 W. hi i° 35 ' N. i°3o'W. 77°5i / W. 77°5i'W. 5o°27 / S. 

Thursday, 24 th August, 1826. — All these twenty-four 
hours strong breezes from S. W. to W. S. W., with frequent 
squalls of rain, and a large sea running. Steering by compass 
N. W. by N. Variation, 21 0 E. Made and took in sail as 
occasion required. End, overcast. 

Course. Dist. D. Lat. Dep. D. Long. Long. In. Lat. D. R. 

N. byW. 148 m. 145'N. 29 W. 45'W. 78°36'W. 48°o3'S. 

Friday, 25 th August. —Strong breezes from S. W. to West, 
with frequent squalls of rain, and a large sea from S. W. 
Made and took in sail as needed. Intervals between squalls, 
pleasant weather. Mercury up to 45 0 and 46°. 

Course. Dist. D. Lat. Dep. D. Long. Long. In. Lat. by Obs. 

N. Y\ pt- W. 135 m. 133' 20 30' 79 °o6'W. 45 ° 5 q/ S. 

Saturday , 26th August. — All this day strong breezes, veer¬ 
ing and hauling from S. S. W. to West, with frequent squalls 
of wind and rain. Short intervals pleasant weather. Made 
and took in sail. Steered N. W. by N. to N. by W. A large, 
irregular sea ; a great many sea-pigeons around. The mer¬ 
cury in open air, 47 0 ; water, 51^°. 

Course. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. Long. Long. In. Lat. Obs’d. 

N. y 2 W. 145 in. 144' 14 21 / 79°27'W. 43°26'S. 

Sunday, 2 yth August. —All these twenty-four hours strong 
breezes from S. W., veering and hauling to West, and a rough 
sea; frequent showers of rain. Steering by compass N. W« 


















65 


by N. and N. N. YV. Made and took in sail as occasion re¬ 
quired. The mercury at 8 a.m. : in open air, 49 0 ; water, 52 0 . 

Course. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. Long. Long. In. Lat. In. 

N. y 2 YV. 151m. 150' 15 22' 79°48'W. 4 o°56'S. 

Monday , 28 th August, 1826. — All this day strong breezes 
from W. S. W. to W. N. W., and squally, with rain. A large, 
irregular sea on, that causes us to ship great quantities of 
water. Running under close-reef sails. Mercury at 8 a.m. : 
air, 51 0 ; water, 52^°. 

Courses. Dist. D. Lat. Dep. D. Long. Long. In. Lat. Obs. 

N. 2 0 E. 118 m. 118' 4 E. 6 ' E. 79°42'W. 38°58' 

Tuesday , 29 th August, 1826. — All this day strong breezes 
from YV. N. W. to [?] by W.; some rain. First part, a bad 
sea; under close reefs. Latter part, growing smooth ; made 
all sail. Mercury at sunrise: open air, 55 0 ; water, 55 0 . At 
9 a. m. longitude, deduced from a single distance, 77°20' YV. ; 
not to depend on. 

Long. In. 

Courses. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. Long. Long. In. Lat. Obs. from Obs. 

N. 24 0 E. 108 m. 99' 44 E. 71/E. 78°3i / \V. 37°i9 / S. 77°i2 / W. 

Wednesday, 30 th August. — Gentle gales from YV. N. YV. to 
N. YV., with some squalls of rain. The sun out at short inter¬ 
vals ; sea smooth ; swell from S. YV. I find by my observa¬ 
tion we have a strong current setting us to the North. Moved 
the stove on deck, and had an overhaul. All sail set. Mer¬ 
cury: air, 55 0 ; water, 56°. 

Long. In. 

Courses. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. Obs. from Obs. 

N. 28° E. 126 m. in' 59 73' E. 77 °i8'W. 35°28 / S. 75°59' 

Thursday, ^\st August, 1826. — First part, moderate from 
\V. N. YV., and cloudy; a large swell from S. YV. Latter part, 
a fine breeze from S. YV. to South. Steering N. E. by N. 
Cloudy, with some fine rain. The mercury at sunrise: air, 
56° ; water, 57 0 . 

Courses. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. Long. Long. D. R. Long. In. Lat. by Obs. 

N.E.^E. 91m. 61' 68 83'E. 75°55 / W. 74°36'W. 34^7'S. 















66 


Friday, 1st September, 1826.—All this day strong breezes 
from South, and cloudy. A large sea on, and all sail set and 
drawing. At sunrise, mercury: in open air, 5 5 0 ; water, 57 0 . 
At 10 a. m., the haze blowing off a little, saw the land bearing 
S. E. to N. E., the nearest part nine leagues distant. I find 
by my observation we have had a current setting us to the 
Northward by the land. I find the mean between my last 
lunar observation and my longitude by D. R. would be near 
our situation in making the land. 

Course. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. Long. Long. In. Long. D. R. Lat. byObs. 
N. 64° E. 173m. 75' 156 187' 7i°29'W. 72°48 / W. 33°i2'S. 

Saturday, 2d September, 1826. — Begins fine, pleasant 
weather, and a fresh breeze from South, near in with Ragged 
Point, running N. E. along shore. At 3.30 p. m. anchored in 
the harbor of Valparaiso in six and a half fathoms water, two 
cables’ length from the shore, near the Custom House. Moored 
with both chain-anchors, one in and one off shore. I landed, 
but could not do anything, and returned on board. Had some 
drunken company; wrote a family letter. Through the night, 
land breezes. Latter on shore. Discharged Mr. Smith and 
John Lewis, and paid them off. Bought some sea stock, filled 
up our water, etc. Fine, pleasant weather, with a moderate 
breeze from South. 

Sunday, 3 d September, 1826. — Pleasant, with a light breeze 
from South off the land. First part, on shore settling my 
bills, getting the stock off, etc. Got permission to leave the 
harbor free from any port charge or anchorage, being con¬ 
sidered as a public vessel. Having completed, at 5 h. 30 m. p. m. 
got under way, and fanned out of the harbor. At 8 p. m. the 
town of Valparaiso bore by compass East S. E., distant two 
leagues, from which I take my departure. Through the 
middle part, cloudy, with moderate breezes, veering and haul¬ 
ing from S. W. to S. E. Latter part, moderate and cloudy; 
the land in sight from N. E. y 2 N. to E. N. E. ; the sea 
smooth. 

Course. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. Lat. Long. In. Lat. by Obs. Mercury. 


N. 46° W. 60 m. 60' 43 52' 72°29'W. 32°20 / S. 63° 









67 


Monday, 4 th Sept. 1826. — First and middle part pleasant, 
with a fine breeze from S. S. W. and a smooth sea. Ail sail 
set. Latter part, light airs from S. E. 

Mercury in the 

Courses. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. Long. Long. In. Lat. D. R. cabin. 

N. 43° W. 119 m. 87' 81 95'W. 74°o 4 'W. 3 o°53'S. 63° 

Tuesday, 5 th Sept. — All this day moderate, baffling breezes 
from S. W. to S. E. ; a smooth sea ; cloudy weather. All sail 
set. 1 y pt. E. var. Steered N. W. by W. 

Courses. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. Long. Long. In. Lat. D. R. Mercury. 
N.W. y N. 63 m. 47' 42 49' 74°53'W. 3o°o6'S. 63° 

Wednesday, 6th Sept. — All this day, gentle gales from S. E. 
to S. S. W. First and latter part, cloudy. Middle part, 
pleasant. All sail out. Mercury, 64°. 

Course. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. Long. Long. In. Lat. by Obs. 

N.W. 90 m. 64' 64 73' 76°o6'W. 29°o2'South. 

Thursday, 'jth Sept. 1826.—A fine breeze from S. E. to 
S. S. E. Most of the day cloudy. All sail set. Mercury up 
to 66°. 

Course. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. Long. Lat. Obs. Long. In. 

N. 53° W. 148 m. 89' 118 2°14' 2 7°33 / S. W. 

Friday, 8th Sept. — All this day, gentle gales from S. S. E. 
to S. E., and a large swell; cloudy weather. All sail set; 
steering to make it draw to the best advantage. At noon the 
islands of St. Felix and St. Ambrosio in sight, bearing N. E. 
My longitude very near right. 

Course. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. Long. Lat. by Obs. Long. In. 

N. 65° W. 130 m. 55' 118 2° 12' 26°38'S. 8o°32'W. 

Saturday, qth Sept. — First part, pleasant, with a gentle 
breeze from S. E. by E. At 2 h. 18 m. 8 s. p. m., by a set of 
distances of the sun and moon, I make the longitude half a 
degree west of my D. R. Middle and latter parts cloudy, 















68 


with light showers of rain. A large sea, the wind from the 
S. E. increasing. Variation, 12° E. Mercury, 66°. 

Course. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. Long. Lat. by D. R. Long. In. 

N. 65° W. 134 m. 56' 121 135'W. 25°42 / S. 82°47'W. 

Sitnday , \oth Sept . — Strong breezes from S. E. to E. S. E., 
with a large sea and cloudy weather. Some light rain, 
Variation, 1 pt. E’y. Mercury, 68°. 

Course. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. Long. Lat. Obs’n. Long. In. 

N. 70° W. 156 m. 53' 147 2°42 / 24°49' S. W. 

Monday , nth September, 1826. — All this day strong breezes 
from S. E. to East, and a large sea running. Light showers 
of rain ; cloudy ; short intervals pleasant weather. All sail 
set and drawing. The mercury, 67°. 

Courses. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. Long. Lat. by Obs. Long. In. 

N. 42 0 W. 145 m. 108' 97 106' 23°oi / S. 87°i5' W. 

Tuesday, 12 th Sept. —All this day strong breezes from 
E. S. E., veering and hauling to E. N. E., and squally, with 
light showers of rain. A large sea on. At 8 p. m. reefed the 
sails. Latter part, moderating, out all reefs. Mercury up 
to 68^°. 

Courses. Dist. D. Lat. Dep. D. Long. Long. In. Lat. D. R. 

N. W. 136 m. 96' 96 104' 88°59'W. 2i°25'S. 

Wednesday, 13 th Sept. — All this day strong breezes from 
East to E. S. E., with a large sea, and squally, with showers 
of fine rain. Intervals of pleasant weather. Variation not 
known ; I allow ^ pt. E. Mercury up to 72 0 . 

Courses. Dist. D.L. Dep. D. Long. Long. In. Lat. by Obs. 

N. 31 0 W. 148 m. 127' 75 8i'W. 9 o°2o / W. i9°i8 / S. 

Thursday, 14 th Sept. — Fresh breezes, E. S. E. to East, a 
large sea following us. Light squalls of rain. All sails set, 
and steering to make them draw to best advantage. A part 
of the day, fine, pleasant weather. Mercury up to 76°. At 
















6q 


8 h. 7 m. p. m. longitude, deduced from a set of distances of 
the J> and * Antares, was g2°2i' W. 

Courses. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. Long. Long. In. Lat. byObs. Long.byD.R. 
N. 44° W. 143 m. 103' 100 106' 93°37 / W. i7°35'S. 92°o6 / W. 

Friday, \$th September, 1826. — Fresh trades from East to 
E. N. E. A part of the day pleasant, and a part squally, with 
rain. All sail set. Mercury, 76°. 

Long. Lat. 

Courses. Dist. D. Lat. Dep. D. Long. Long. D. R. from Obs. by Obs. 

N. 57 0 W. 135 m. 73' 113 i° 5 8'YV. 94°o4'W. 95°45'W. i6°22 / S. 

Saturday, 16th September. — Gentle gales from East to 
E. N. E., and pleasant. Passing clouds and a moderate sea. 
Bent a new topsail. Variation, 8° E. Mercury, 78°. 

Courses. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. Long. Long. D.R. Long.byObs. Lat.byObs. 
N. 56° W. 115 m. 64' 95 99'W. 95°43'W. 97°24'W. i5°i8 / S. 

Sunday, \Jth Sept. — Gentle gales from East to E. N. E. 
A moderate sea, and most of the day pleasant and clear 
weather. All sail set. Mercury, 78°. Long. in. this day at 
noon, deduced from the mean of two sets of distances of 
I> and * Aldebaran and D and * Aquila, 99°2i' West. 

Courses. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. Long. Long. D. R. Long. Obs. Lat.byObs. 
N.53°W. 123 m. 74' 98 ioi'W. 97°24 / W. 99°2i / W. i4 0 o4'S. 

Monday, 1 StA Sept. — A fine breeze from E. by N., and 
pleasant weather and a moderate sea. Opened the main 
hatch to get some things out and air the hold and cargo. All 
sail set. I allow l / 2 pt. E. variation. Mercury, 76°. 

Courses. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. Long. Long. D. R. Long, from Obs. Lat.byObs. 
N. 5i°W. 141m. 89' no 113' 99 0 i7'W. ioi°i4 / W. i2°35'S. 

Tuesday, igth Sept. — Gentle breezes from E. by S. to 
E. N. E., and smooth, pleasant weather. Mercury, 78°. 
Opened our spare sails; found them but little injured. Bent 
























70 

a new mainsail, and set the old mainsail for a square sail; it 
set very well. 

Course. Dist. D.L. Dep. D. Long. Long. D. R. Long. byObs. Lat. byObs. 
N.48 0 W. 120m. 85' 89 I° 3 I'W. ioo c 4 8 7 W. I02°45 / W. ii°io'S. 

Wednesday, 20 th September, 1826. — Gentle gales from 
East, and pleasant weather. Smooth sea ; all sail set, steer¬ 
ing W. N. W. The main hatch off to air the hold and cargo. 
Mercury in a cool draft of air, 76°. 


Courses. Dist. D. Lat. Dep. 


N. W. by W. W. 130 m. 67' 

11 2 

D. Long. Long. D. R. Long, from Obs. 

Lat. by Obs. 

114° W. I 02 ° 42 ' W. I04°39' W. 

I0°03' S. 


Thursday, 2 1st Sept. — Gentle breezes from East, and 
pleasant weather. Smooth sea; all sail set, steering W. N. W. 
Mercury at 76°. 

Courses. Dist. D.L. Dep. D. Long. Long. D. R. Long. Obs. Lat.byObs. 
W.N.W. 120 m. 45' m'W. 113' W. io4°35'W. io6°32 / \V. 9°i8'S. 

Friday, 22d Sept. —Gentle gales from East, veering and 
hauling to N. E., with a swell from N. E. and S. Pleasant 
weather; all sail set. The main hatch off. 

Long. Lat. 

Courses. Dist. D. Lat. Dep. Dif.Long. Long, by D. R. from Obs. by Obs. 
N.69°W. 121m. 44' 113 ii4 / W. io6°29 / W. io8°26'W. 8°34 / S. 

Saturday, 23 d Sept. — Fine, pleasant weather; wind and 
swell from S. E. Mercury, 76°. 

Long. Lat. 

Courses. Dist. D. Lat. Dep. D. Long. Long, by D. R. from Obs. byObs. 

N.W.byW. 132 m. 73' no in' io8°2o'W. 7°2i'S. 

Sunday, 24 th Sept. — Pleasant weather; wind from S. E. 
by E. Mercury in cool draft, 79 0 . Longitude in, deduced 
from the mean of two observations of the 3) and ^ Arietis, 
and © and C at meridian, 109° 4 2' West. 

Courses. Dist. D.L. Dep. D. Long. Long. D. R. Long. byObs. Lat.byObs. 
N. W. 134m. 95' 95 96' W. io9°56'W. io 9°42' 5°46'South. 




















7i 


Monday, 25 th September, 1826. — Most of the day pleasant. 
A few light showers of rain, and a fine breeze from E. S. E. 
Main hatch off to air the hold. Mercury, 78°. 

Courses. Dist. D. Lat. Dep. D. Long. Long. D. R. Long, from Obs. Lat.byObs. 
N. W. 132 m. 93' 93 94' iii°3o / W. m°24 / W. 4°i3 / S. 

Tuesday, 26th Sept. —Trade-winds from E. S. E. A few 
light showers of rain. 

Courses. Dist. D. Lat. Dep. D. Long. Long. D. R. Long, by Obs. Lat. by Obs. 
N.47°\V. 142m. 97' 104 104' H3°i4 / W. ii3°o8 / W. 2°36 / S. 

Wednesday, 27th Sept. — The most of the day pleasant, but 
hazy ; a few showers of rain. Gentle trades, veering and haul¬ 
ing from N. E. to S. E. Mercury, 78°. By obs. this day of 
the © and <1, I make the long, agree with my last obs. 

Long. Long. Lat. 

Courses. Dist. D. Lat. Dep. D. Long. byD. R. from Obs. by Obs. 
N.46 0 W. 115 m. 80' 82' 82^ xi4°36'W. ii 4 °3o / W. i°i6'S. 


Thursday, 2^>th Sept. — The wind veering and hauling from 
S. E. to N. E., with a few showers of rain. The rem. of the 
day, pleasant, hazy weather. Mercury, 75 0 . 


Courses. Dist. D. Lat. Dep. 


N. W. by W. 

^ w. 

109 m. 105' 

32 

D. Long. 

Long. D. R. 

Long, from Obs. 

Lat. by Obs. 

32' W. 

ii5°o8 ' W. 

IX5°02 / W. 

o°29' N. 


Friday, 29 th Sept. — Fresh trade-winds, veering and hauling 
from E. N. E. to S. E. by E. A part of the day pleasant and 
a part cloudy. Dark, heavy clouds in the North and East, 
and passing over. I find by my obs. for the last three days 
we have been set to the N’d. by current. All sail out. I 
allow y ? pt. E. variation. Mercury, 75°. 

Long. Lat. 

Course. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. Long. Long. D. R. 1 from Obs. by Obs. 

N.35°W. 155m. 127' 90 90' ii6°38'W. ii6°32'W. 2°36'N. 



















72 


Saturday , 30//2 September ; 1826. — Fresh breezes from E. 
by S. to S. E. by E. First and latter parts, pleasant. Middle 
part, cloudy, with some rain and considerable swell. Dark, 
heavy clouds in the N. E. Mercury up to 79 0 . 

Long. Long. Lat. 

Course. Dist. D. Lat. Dep. D. Long, by D. R. from Obs. by Obs. 

N. 30° W. 158 m. 127' 79 79' II7°57 / 4 ° 43 ' N. 

Sunday, 1st October, 1826. — All these twenty-four hours 
strong breezes from South to S. S. E., and a moderate sea. 
Squally-looking weather; short intervals pleasant, but hazy. 
Mercury up to 8o°. 

Long. Long. Lat. 

Course. Dist. D. Lat. Dep. D. Long, by D. R. by Obs. by Obs. 

N.^pt. W. 169 m. 177' 25 25' ii8°22'W. 7°4o'N. 

Monday, 2 d Oct. — All this day, strong breezes from South 
to S. S. W., and squally-looking weather, with some rain. Mer¬ 
cury, 8i°. 

Long. Long. Lat. 

Course. Dist. D. Lat. Dep. D. Long. by D. R. by Obs. by D. R. 

N. 20 0 W. 168 m. 158' 58 59' ii9°2i / W. io°i8'N. 

Tuesday , 3 d Oct. — First part, fresh breezes and squally 
from S. S. W., with some rain. Double-reefed the main, and 
shook the bonnets off the jib and foresail. Middle part, con¬ 
tinues squally. Latter part, strong breezes and squally, veer¬ 
ing and hauling from S. S. W. to West; the squalls heavy, 
with wind and rain, which reduced us to the foresail. Ends 
squally. 

Course. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. Long. Long, by D. R. Lat. by D. R. 

N. 28° W. 127 m. II2' 59 6c/ I20°2l' W. l2°IO / N. 

Wednesday, 4th October, 1826.—Begins with fresh gales 
from S. S. W., and hard squalls, with very heavy rain ; the 
sea very high and quick. At 3 p. m. handed the foresail, and 
scudded under bare poles. Between the squalls, a very bad 
sea. At 4 p. m. sent down the topsail yard, secured the boat 
and everything on deck with extra lashings, the sea making 










73 


frequent breaches all over us. Middle part, strong gales and 
squally, but less sea and rain, the wind hauling to S. E. by E. 
At 4 a. m. set close [reefed] foresail. Latter part, moderat¬ 
ing, and the sea going down ; set the jib and close-reef main¬ 
sail. Continues squally, with rain. Mercury, 8i°. 

Course. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. Long. Long. D. K. Long. In. Lat. byD.R. 

N. 30° W. 81 m. 70' 40 41' 121 °02 / W. i3°2o / N. 

TJuirsday , 5 th Oct .— All this day fresh breezes from S. E. 
by S. to S. S. YV., and squally, with showers of rain and a 
large swell from South. Latter part, moderating, made all 
sail, steering YV. N. YV. by compass. Everything covered 
with mould and mildew. Mercury, 8i°. 

Course. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. Long. Long, by D. R. Lat. by D. R. 

N. 66 j 4 °W. 155 m. 62' 142 146' I23°28 / W. i4°22 / N. 

Friday , 6th Oct. — First part, a fine breeze from South, with 
light squalls, and a large swell from South ; cloudy weather. 
Middle part, light, baffling airs, and cloudy. Latter part, light, 
baffling airs and showers of rain. At 10 a. m. felt a light 
air from the Northward for the first [time ?]. Ends, light airs 
from East, and overcast. Swell from South. Mercury, 8i°. 

Course. Dist. D. L. Dep. D.Long. Long. D. R. Long. In. Lat. by D. R. 

N. 58° W. 64 m. 34' 54 $6' i2 4 °24 , W. 14°56' N. 

Saturday, 7th October, 1826. — First part, light airs from 
the N. E., and calm, pleasant weather. Middle part, gentle 
breezes from South, and some heavy rain. Latter part, gentle 
breeze from N. E., and pleasant. Rigged our old mainsail for 
a square sail; sent up the topsail and set it. Took off the 
main hatch to air the hold and dry some things wet in the 
late gale. Ends pleasant; the first chance I have to get an 
observation for six days. Variation E. Mercury up to 82°. 

Long. Long. Lat. 

Courses. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. Long. by D. R. by Obs. by Obs. 

. N. 72 0 W. 84 m. 26^ 80 S3' i25°47'W. ijjVi'N. 

Courses and Dist.’s cor. by Obs. for the last six days. 

N.42^°W. 655 m. 486' 443 453' i25°S5 / W. 


i 5 ° 46 / N. 













74 


Sunday , 8 / 7 / CV 7 . — First and middle part, a fine breeze 
from N. E., and passing clouds. Latter part, light airs from 
the North, and hazy. Mercury, 84°. 

Course. Dist. D. Lat. Dep. D. Long. Long. D. R. Lat. by Obs. 

N. 89° W. iiom. 2' no 114' i27°49'W. i5°48'N. 

Monday , 9 th October , 1826.—All this day, light breezes 
from N. by W. to N. W. by W., and smooth, pleasant weather. 
Long, in., deduced from the mean of two sets of observations, 
the D and © West, and the D and * Pegasus East, \2cf22! W. 
Mercury, 84°. 

Course. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. Long. Long. D. R. Long, by Obs. Lat. by Obs. 
N. 88^4 W. 83 m. 2' 83 8<y i2 9 °i5 / W. i 3 o 0 28 / W. i5°44'N. 

Tuesday , 10 th Oct. — First part, light breezes from N. W. ; 
pleasant and smooth. Middle part, light airs from N. E. 
Latter part, light breezes from E. by S.; pleasant weather and 
a smooth sea. Mercury up to 85°. 

Long. Lat. 

Course. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. Long. Long. D. R. from Obs. by Obs. 

S-77°W. 59m. 13'S. 58 W. 6o' W. i3o°i5 / W. i3i°28 / W. i5° 3 i / N. 

Wednesday , 11 th October , 1826. — First part, a moderate 
breeze from E. S. E., gradually increasing and hauling to N. E. 
Middle and latter part, a fine breeze; all drawing sail set. 
Pleasant; passing clouds. Mercury, 83°. 

Long. Long. Lat. 

Course. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. Long, by D. R. from Obs. by Obs. 

N.66°W. 144 m. 59' 132 2°i7' i 3 2°32 / W. i33°45'W. i6° 3 9'N. 

Thursday , 12 th Oct. — All this day, strong breezes, begin¬ 
ning at N. E. and hauling to N. by E., with some squalls and 
rain in the middle part. P'irst part, pleasant; latter part, 
overcast. Variation abt. % pt. E. Mercury, 82°. 


Course. Dist. D. L. Dep. 


w. n. w. yi w. 161 

m. 40' 

! 5 6 

D. L. Long, by D. R. 

Long, from Obs. 

Lat. by Obs. 

2° 43 'W. i 3 5 °i 5 ' W. 

i 3 6°28' W. 

i7°io' N. 

















75 


Friday, 13th Oct. — Fresh breezes from N. N. E. to N. E. 
A part of the day pleasant, and a part cloudy. I find ]/ x pt. E. 
variation. Mercury, 78°. 

Course. Dist. D. L. Dep. D.Long. Long. D. R. Long. byObs. Lat. by Obs. 

W.N.W.^W. 160m. 39' 155 2°43' i37°58'\V. i39°n'W. i7°49'N. 

Satitrday , 14 th Oct. — Fresh breezes from N. E. to E. N. E.; 
passing clouds ; some fine rain in light squalls. All sail out ; 
steering W. by N. )/± pt. E. variation. Mercury, 8o°. 

Long. Long. Lat. 

Course. Dist. D.Lat. Dep. D.Long. D. R. from Obs. by Obs. 

W.N.W.^W. 165m. 40' 160 2 0 4 8' i4o°46'W. i 4 i°5 9 'W. i8°2 9 / N. 

Sunday , 15 th Oct. — Fresh trades from N. E. to East, and 
pleasant. Latter part, moderating. At midnight, longitude 
in. — deduced from two sets of observations, D and * Aquila 
West, and D and ^ Aldebaran East, — mean, I44°i9'West. 
All sail out; steering W. ]/ 2 N., and W. by N. Variation, ]/ x pt. 
E. My long, by this day’s obs. makes me 52 miles West of 
my last obs. Maui, W. part, N. 8o° W., 620 miles dist. Mer¬ 
cury, 8i°. 

Course. Dist. D.Lat. Dep. D.Long. Long. byD.R. Long. byObs. Lat. byObs. 

N.77 0 W. 160 m. 37' 156 2°44' i43°3o / W. i45°35'W. i9°o6 / N. 

Monday, i6tk October , 1826. — Fresh trade-winds from 
E. N. E. to N. E. by N. Pleasant weather and a moderate 
sea. All drawing sail set. Mercury, 8o°. 

Course. Dist. D. L. Dep. D.Long. Long.byD.R. Long.from Obs. Lat. byObs. 
N.78 0 W. 160 m. 34' 156 2°45 / I46°i5 / W. i48°2o'W. igV'N. 

Tuesday, \7tJ1Oct. — Fresh trade-winds, and squally, veering 
and hauling from N. E. to E. S. E. Short intervals moderate. 
Some showers of rain during the middle part. All drawing 
sail set. Mercury, 8o°. 

Long. Long. Lat. 

Course. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. Long. by D. R. from last Obs. by Obs. 

N-75°W. 155m. 40' 150 2°39' i48°54'W. i5o°59 / W. 2 o°2o / N. 

















;6 


Wednesday, iSth Oct. — First and latter part of this day 
pleasant. Middle part, squally, with some rain. All day, 
fresh trades. Variation ]/ 2 pt. E. Mercury, 8i°. 

Long. Long. Lat. 

Course. Dist. D. L. Dep. D. L. by D. K. by last Obs. by Obs. 
N.8o°W. 161 m. 29' 159 2°49' i5i°43'W. i53°48 / W. 2o°49'N, 

Thursday , 19 th Oct. — First part, fresh trade-winds from 
East ; cloudy around the horizon. Middle part, cloudy, with 
baffling breezes from N. E. to S. E. ; some rain. At 6 a. m. 
made the land, — the north part of Hawaii bearing S. S. W., 
the eastern part, S. by E. ^ E. ; the south part of Maui, 
S. W. by W. y W. All the latter part, unsteady, baffling 
breezes from S. E. to N. E. A part of the time moderate 
and pleasant. Got the chains on deck, etc. At meridian the 
S. E. part of Maui bore S. S. W. y 2 W. five leagues. 

Long. Long. Lat. 

Courses. Dist. D.Lat. Dep. D. L. by D. R. by last Obs. by Obs’n. 

N.89°W. 135 m. 3' T 35 2°24' i54°c>7'W. i56°o 6 / W. 2o°52 / N. 

Friday, 20 th October, 1826.—First part, pleasant, with fresh 
trades from E. N. E. Running down the north side of the 
island of Maui. Middle part, running down between Maui 
and Molokai. At midnight anchored in Lahaina Roads; 
found here two American and one English whale-ships. Next 
day, landed for a short time ; found that all belonging to the 
Mission were absent on other islands. 

Saturday, 21st October, 1826. — Trade-winds and pleasant 
weather. At 5 p. m. got under way for Oahu. Middle part, 
trade-winds and pleasant. At dawn of day off Diamond Hill 
at Oahu. At sunrise entered the harbor of Honolulu, and 
anchored soon after in the inner harbor. Found here a large 
number of American whale-ships, a few traders, and the U. S. 
ship Peacock, and a few English ships. 

Oct. 21. — Between Valparaiso and the Islands, “we met with no re¬ 
markable incidents, and on the 21st of October entered the harbor of 
Honolulu, where I was joyfully received by my friends, foreign and na¬ 
tive. . . . My best run in the Pacific Ocean was one hundred and sixty-nine 








77 


miles ; and in sixteen days I sailed two thousand four hundred and ninety- 
two miles. On arrival at Honolulu, I delivered up the packet to Mr. Levi 
Chamberlain, secular agent of the American Board of C. F. Missions, 
agreeably to instructions.” — J- H.'s Account. 

“ The missionaries did not have use for the Packet all the time, and it 
was expensive manning and keeping her in order. After a few years’ 
experience they gave her up to the native chiefs (as I understand it), 
who, for the use of her, were to keep her in order; and the missionaries 
were to have the use of her, or some other one of their schooners, when¬ 
ever they desired. The chiefs kept her on these conditions, until the 
Packet was completely worn out and run out of everything. They then 
returned her in this condition to the missionaries. She needed very ex¬ 
tensive and expensive repairs. The Mission, not disposed to incur the 
great expense, decided to sell her to a respectable American ship-carpenter 
then residing at the Islands, who took her as she was. He repaired her, 
put her in order for sea, and offered her for sale. After having her on 
hand for some time, he finally sold her to the French Roman Catholic 
bishop of Oceanica, who fitted her out, and sent some of his own people 
on a mission to the islands in the South Pacific Ocean, where (as I 
understand) she was totally lost on her first voyage under new owners. 
Thus ended the career of the ‘first Missionary Packet.’” — J. H.'s 
A ccount. 

I hail nine months and one day’s passage, counting from the 
time I lost sight of the shores of the United States of America 
until I saw the Sandwich Islands. I have anchored during 
that time upwards of thirty different .times, in upwards of 
twenty different ports and harbors, having spent six weeks of 
the time in one harbor. 

So ends this trying passage. 


JAMES HUNNEWELL. 






























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